ArticleExperimental hematology2015
Dual targeting of the thioredoxin and glutathione antioxidant systems in malignant B cells: a novel synergistic therapeutic approach.
Article in Experimental hematology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Three Thiol-Reactive Reagents drive Synergistic Lethality in Glioblastoma cells.Research square · 2026Article
- Combination nitazoxanide and auranofin treatment has synergistic anticancer activity in anaplastic thyroid cancer through enhanced activation of oxidative stress that leads to apoptosis.Cancer letters · 2025Article
- Article
- Exploring a Therapeutic Gold Mine: The Antifungal Potential of the Gold-Based Antirheumatic Drug Auranofin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in B-Cell Lymphomas.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The thioredoxin system: Balancing redox responses in immune cells and tumors.European journal of immunology · 2023Review
- Upgrade of an old drug: Auranofin in innovative cancer therapies to overcome drug resistance and to increase drug effectiveness.Medicinal research reviews · 2022Review
- Glutathione levels are associated with methotrexate resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Article
- Redox regulation of immunometabolism.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2021Review
- SECISBP2 is a novel prognostic predictor that regulates selenoproteins in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2021Article
- Putative Role of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B But Not Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α in Hypoxia-Dependent Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2019Article
- Modulators of Redox Metabolism in Head and Neck Cancer.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2018Review
- Radioresistant Cervical Cancers Are Sensitive to Inhibition of Glycolysis and Redox Metabolism.Cancer research · 2018Article
- Article
- Transglutaminase 2 modulation of NF-κB signaling in astrocytes is independent of its ability to mediate astrocytic viability in ischemic injury.Brain research · 2017Article
- New insights into redox homeostasis as a therapeutic target in B-cell malignancies.Current opinion in hematology · 2017Review
- MutY-Homolog (MYH) inhibition reduces pancreatic cancer cell growth and increases chemosensitivity.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Article
- Dual targeting of the thioredoxin and glutathione systems in cancer and HIV.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
B-cell malignancies are a common type of cancer. One approach to cancer therapy is to either increase oxidative stress or inhibit the stress response systems on which cancer cells rely. In this study, we combined nontoxic concentrations of Auranofin (AUR), an inhibitor of the thioredoxin system, with nontoxic concentrations of buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO), a compound that reduces intracellular glutathione levels, and investigated the effect of this drug combination on multiple pathways critical for malignant B-cell survival. Auranofin interacted synergistically with BSO at low concentrations to trigger death in multiple malignant B-cell lines and primary mantle-cell lymphoma cells. Additionally, there was less toxicity toward normal B cells. Low AUR concentrations inhibited thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity, an effect significantly increased by BSO cotreatment. Overexpression of TrxR partially reversed AUR+BSO toxicity. Interestingly, the combination of AUR+BSO inhibited nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling. Moreover, synergistic cell death induced by this regimen was attenuated in cells overexpressing NF-κB proteins, arguing for a functional role for NF-κB inhibition in AUR+BSO-mediated cell death. Together, these findings suggest that AUR+BSO synergistically induces malignant B-cell death, a process mediated by dual inhibition of TrxR and NF-κB, and such an approach warrants further investigation in B-cell malignancies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.