ArticleJournal of pharmaceutical sciences2015
Routes of administration and dose optimization of soluble antigen arrays in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Article in Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Route of Administration Determines the Immunosuppressive Mechanism of Bifunctional Peptide Inhibitors in a Mouse EAE Model.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Harnessing the potential of the NALT and BALT as targets for immunomodulation using engineering strategies to enhance mucosal uptake.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Immune Modulation by Antigenic Peptides and Antigenic Peptide Conjugates for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.Medical research archives · 2022Article
- Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Tetrameric Fluorescent Antigen Arrays for Single-Step Identification of Antigen-Specific B Cells.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2020Article
- Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.Brain sciences · 2020Review
- Linking autoantigen properties to mechanisms of immunity.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Review
- Soluble Antigen Arrays Displaying Mimotopes Direct the Response of Diabetogenic T Cells.ACS chemical biology · 2019Article
- Soluble Antigen Arrays for Selective Desensitization of Insulin-Reactive B Cells.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2019Article
- Engineering Immune Tolerance with Biomaterials.Advanced healthcare materials · 2019Review
- Soluble antigen arrays disarm antigen-specific B cells to promote lasting immune tolerance in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Journal of autoimmunity · 2018Article
- Pulmonary Administration of Soluble Antigen Arrays Is Superior to Antigen in Treatment of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2017Article
- Multivalent Soluble Antigen Arrays Exhibit High Avidity Binding and Modulation of B Cell Receptor-Mediated Signaling to Drive Efficacy against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Biomacromolecules · 2017Article
- Conjugates of Cell Adhesion Peptides for Therapeutics and Diagnostics Against Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Soluble antigen arrays (SAgAs) were developed for treating mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. SAgAs are composed of hyaluronan with grafted EAE antigen and LABL peptide (a ligand of ICAM-1). SAgA dose was tested by varying injection volume, SAgA concentration, and administration schedule. Routes of administration were explored to determine the efficacy of SAgAs when injected intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intraperitoneally, intravenously, or instilled into lungs. Injections proximal to the central nervous system (CNS) were compared with distal injection sites. Intravenous dosing was included to determine if SAgA efficiency results from systemic exposure. Pulmonary instillation (p.i.) was included as reports suggest T cells are licensed in the lungs before moving to the CNS. Decreasing the volume of injection or SAgA dose reduced treatment efficacy. Treating mice with a single injection on day 4, 7, and 10 also reduced efficacy compared with injecting on all three days. Surprisingly, changing the injection site did not lead to a significant difference in efficacy. Intravenous administration showed efficacy similar to other routes, suggesting SAgAs act systemically. When SAgAs were delivered via p.i., however, EAE mice failed to develop any symptoms, suggesting a unique lung mechanism to ameliorate EAE in mice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.