ReviewEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2014
A review of the Hispanic paradox: time to spill the beans?
Review in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disparities in Survival of Head and Neck Cancer in the Hispanic Population: Systematic-Review and Meta-analysis.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Ethnic Differences in Survival Among Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2021Pooled it
- An Observational Study of Post-hip Fracture Outcomes in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Health Resilience and Inequality in Healthcare Utilization: A Longitudinal Comparison Between North Korean Refugees and South Korean Residents.Journal of migration and health · 2026Article
- Prediction of overall survival in primary lung adenocarcinoma using machine learning and deep learning: a cohort study in Latin America country cancer center.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Actionable mutations and targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer among Latin American and Hispanic patients: a systematic literature review of prognosis and meta-analysis.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Genetic Ancestry and Lung Cancer in Latin American Patients: A Crucial Step for Understanding a Diverse Population.Clinical lung cancer · 2025Review
- Nativity in the healthy migrant effect: Evidence from Australia.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Healthcare Utilization in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Discharged from Coronavirus 2019 Hospitalization.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2023Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Association of Low-Carbohydrate Diet With Mortality in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Article
- Healthy Aging in Older Chinese Americans: Associations With Immigrant Experiences.Journal of aging and health · 2020Article
- Ethnic Variance in Prevalence of COPD among Smokers in a Real World Setting.The open respiratory medicine journal · 2020Article
- Racial Differences in Cancer Susceptibility and Survival: More Than the Color of the Skin?Trends in cancer · 2017Review
- Article
- Different dietary patterns and reduction of lung cancer risk: A large case-control study in the U.S.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Does COPD risk vary by ethnicity? A retrospective cross-sectional study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2016Article
- Healthy behaviours and COPD.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Past epidemiological observations and recent molecular studies suggest that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are closely related diseases, resulting from overlapping genetic susceptibility and exposure to aero-pollutants, primarily cigarette smoke. Statistics from the American Lung Association and American Cancer Society reveal that mortality from COPD and lung cancer are lowest in Hispanic subjects and generally highest in African American subjects, with mortality in non-Hispanic white subjects and Asian subjects in between. This observation, described as the “Hispanic paradox”, persists after adjusting for confounding variables, notably smoking exposure and sociodemographic factors. While differences in genetic predisposition might underlie this observation, differences in diet remain a possible explanation. Such a hypothesis is supported by the observation that a diet high in fruit and vegetables has been shown to confer a protective effect on both COPD and lung cancer. In this article, we hypothesise that a diet rich in legumes may explain, in part, the Hispanic paradox, given the traditionally high consumption of legumes (beans and lentils) by Hispanic subjects. Legumes are very high in fibre and have recently been shown to attenuate systemic inflammation significantly, which has previously been linked to susceptibility to COPD and lung cancer in large prospective studies. A similar protective effect could be attributed to the consumption of soy products (from soybeans) in Asian subjects, for whom a lower incidence of COPD and lung cancer has also been reported. This hypothesis requires confirmation in cohort studies and randomised control trials, where the effects of diet on outcomes can be carefully examined in a prospective study design.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.