ReviewResearch in microbiology2015
Integration of metabolism and virulence in Clostridium difficile.
Review in Research in microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ecological and dietary strategies to constrain Clostridioides difficile.Cell host & microbe · 2026Review
- Nanobodies against Clostridioides difficile CDTb provide a toolkit for potent toxin neutralization and highly sensitive quantitation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Xtr-mediated regulation of 4Fe-4S binding protein gene confers resistance to oxidative and antibiotic stress inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Discovery of a Widespread Polyamine-Low-Molecular-Weight Thiol Hybrid Pathway inACS infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Proline Stickland fermentation supportsApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- AgainstToxins · 2025Review
- Standard mouse diets lead to differences in severity in infectious and non-infectious colitis.mBio · 2025Article
- BrnQ Branched-Chain Amino Acid Transporters Influence Toxin Production by, but Not Growth of,Toxins · 2025Article
- A designed synthetic microbiota provides insight to community function in Clostridioides difficile resistance.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Review
- Regulatory networks: Linking toxin production and sporulation in Clostridioides difficile.Anaerobe · 2025Review
- Commensal-pathogen dynamics structure disease outcomes during Clostridioides difficile colonization.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Phocaeicola vulgatus shapes the long-term growth dynamics and evolutionary adaptations of Clostridioides difficile.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- Iron-sulfur cluster-dependent enzymes and molybdenum-dependent reductases in the anaerobic metabolism of human gut microbes.Metallomics : integrated biometal science · 2024Review
- Whole-genome sequencing of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile reveals multidrug resistance and virulence genes in strains of environmental and animal origin.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Human gut microbiota interactions shape the long-term growth dynamics and evolutionary adaptations ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Clostridioides difficile Biofilm.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2023Review
- Glycine fermentation byInfection and immunity · 2023Article
- Butyrate enhancesJournal of bacteriology · 2023Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Synthesis of the major toxin proteins of the diarrheal pathogen, Clostridium difficile, is dependent on the activity of TcdR, an initiation (sigma) factor of RNA polymerase. The synthesis of TcdR and the activation of toxin gene expression are responsive to multiple components in the bacterium's nutritional environment, such as the presence of certain sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids. This review summarizes current knowledge about the mechanisms responsible for repression of toxin synthesis when glucose or branched-chain amino acids or proline are in excess and the pathways that lead to synthesis of butyrate, an activator of toxin synthesis. The regulatory proteins implicated in these mechanisms also play key roles in modulating bacterial metabolic pathways, suggesting that C. difficile pathogenesis is intimately connected to the bacterium's metabolic state.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.