Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25445012›Full record

ReviewResearch in microbiology2015

Genomes, neurotoxins and biology of Clostridium botulinum Group I and Group II.

Andrew T Carter, Michael W Peck

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Research in microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. ProteolyticFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Foodborne Botulism Caused byMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Opportunistic Features of Non-Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  11. Closed genome sequence ofMicrobiology resource announcements · 2024
    Article
  12. Modeling inactivation of non-proteolyticFrontiers in microbiology · 2024
    Article
  13. Complete genomes ofMicrobial genomics · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Physical Treatments to ControlFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  17. Collection and curation of prokaryotic genome assemblies from type strains at NCBI.International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology · 2023
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Microbiological safety of aged meat.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023
    Article
  20. Article

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Andrew T CarterInstitute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK.
Michael W PeckInstitute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UA, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent developments in whole genome sequencing have made a substantial contribution to understanding the genomes, neurotoxins and biology of Clostridium botulinum Group I (proteolytic C. botulinum) and C. botulinum Group II (non-proteolytic C. botulinum). Two different approaches are used to study genomics in these bacteria; comparative whole genome microarrays and direct comparison of complete genome DNA sequences. The properties of the different types of neurotoxin formed, and different neurotoxin gene clusters found in C. botulinum Groups I and II are explored. Specific examples of botulinum neurotoxin genes are chosen for an in-depth discussion of neurotoxin gene evolution. The most recent cases of foodborne botulism are summarised.

Indexed as

Genome, BacterialBotulinum ToxinsBotulismClostridium botulinumEvolution, MolecularFoodborne DiseasesHumansMicroarray AnalysisMultigene FamilySequence Analysis, DNABotulinum ToxinsBotulinum neurotoxinBotulismClostridium botulinumGenomicsNeurotoxin gene cluster

Identifiers

PMID25445012
PMCPMC4430135

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.