ArticleJACC. Cardiovascular imaging2014
Visceral adiposity and the risk of metabolic syndrome across body mass index: the MESA Study.
Article in JACC. Cardiovascular imaging, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 265 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
265 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 400 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Anthocyanin-rich Berries on the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The review of diabetic studies : RDS · 2022Pooled it
- Association between visceral adiposity index and risk of prediabetes: A meta-analysis of observational studies.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Practical Guidance for Interventions in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: Diet and Exercise vs. Changes in Body Composition.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Body mass index and all-cause mortality in heart failure patients with normal and reduced ventricular ejection fraction: a dose-response meta-analysis.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2019Pooled it
- Lifestyle-Induced Visceral Fat Loss as a Key Target for Durable Cardiometabolic Health: MRI-Assessed 5- and 10-Year Follow-Up After 2 Clinical Trials.Circulation · 2026Trial
- How effective is rejoining a long-term weight loss program? The 5- and 10-year MRI-assessed Follow Interventions Trial (FIT) project.BMC medicine · 2026Trial
- Metabolic syndrome in youth with bipolar spectrum disorders treated with second-generation antipsychotics: baseline results from the community-based pragmatic MOBILITY Trial.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Circulating Proteomics Identifies a Dynamic Profile of Hepatic Steatosis During Metabolic Intervention.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Trial
- Visceral Adiposity and Progression of ADPKD: A Cohort Study of Patients From the TEMPO 3:4 Trial.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2024Trial
- Effects ofNutrients · 2024Trial
- Feasibility and Potential Effectiveness of a Smartphone Zero-Time Exercise Intervention for Promoting Physical Activity and Fitness in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Use of Metabolomic Profiling to Understand Variability in Adiposity Changes Following an Intentional Weight Loss Intervention in Older Adults.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Acute pancreatitis-Searching for the elusive crystal ball.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Article
- Association of Eicosanoids and Eicosanoid-Related Metabolites With Obesity and Cardiometabolic Traits.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Deep learning-derived abdominal adiposity phenotypes and 28-day mortality in sepsis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Effects of nocturnal intermittent hypoxia on metabolic syndrome in Japanese adults without abdominal obesity.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Metabolic syndrome: comparison of diagnostic capability among waist circumference and supine and upright multidetector computed tomography.Japanese journal of radiology · 2026Article
- Beyond TNM staging: validation of a CT-derived nutritional-inflammatory composite model (RFMmSIS) for prognostication in resectable gastric cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Article
205 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study sought to evaluate differential effects of visceral fat (VF) and subcutaneous fat and their effects on metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk across body mass index (BMI) categories.
backgroundThe regional distribution of adipose tissue is an emerging risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, although serial changes in fat distribution have not been extensively investigated. VF and its alterations over time may be a better marker for risk than BMI in normal weight and overweight or obese individuals.
methodsWe studied 1,511 individuals in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) with adiposity assessment by computed tomography (CT). A total of 253 participants without MetS at initial scan underwent repeat CT (median interval 3.3 years). We used discrete Cox regression with net reclassification to investigate whether baseline and changes in VF area are associated with MetS.
resultsHigher VF was associated with cardiometabolic risk and coronary artery calcification, regardless of BMI. After adjustment, VF was more strongly associated with incident MetS than subcutaneous fat regardless of weight, with a 28% greater MetS hazard per 100 cm(2)/m VF area and significant net reclassification (net reclassification index: 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29 to 0.60) over clinical risk. In individuals with serial imaging, initial VF (hazard ratio: 1.24 per 100 cm(2)/m, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.44 per 100 cm(2)/m, p = 0.003) and change in VF (hazard ratio: 1.05 per 5% change, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.08 per 5% change, p = 0.02) were associated with MetS after adjustment. Changes in subcutaneous fat were not associated with incident MetS after adjustment for clinical risk and VF area.
conclusionsVF is modestly associated with BMI. However, across BMI, a single measure of and longitudinal change in VF predict MetS, even accounting for weight changes. Visceral adiposity is essential to assessing cardiometabolic risk, regardless of age, race, or BMI, and may serve as a marker and target of therapy in cardiometabolic disease.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.