ArticleThe journal of spinal cord medicine2016
Efficacy of QuadroPulse rTMS for improving motor function after spinal cord injury: Three case studies.
Article in The journal of spinal cord medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05975606 (Exploring the Effect of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paired With Functional Electrical Stimulation to Improve Lower Extremity Function Following Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Exploring the Effect of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Paired With Functional Electrical Stimulation to Improve Lower Extremity Function Following Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor ability, neurophysiological changes, mental health, and activities of daily living in spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Revisiting motor unit recruitment to TMS in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: cortical inhibition is retained during voluntary contractions.Experimental brain research · 2025Article
- Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: Current Status and Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for enhancing motor function after spinal cord injury: a narrative review.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Neurostimulation on lumbosacral nerves as a new treatment for spinal cord injury impairments and its impact on cortical activity: a narrative review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Review
- The effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor recovery and gait parameters in chronic incomplete spinal cord injury: A randomized-controlled study.Turkish journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Corticospinal circuit neuroplasticity may involve silent synapses: Implications for functional recovery facilitated by neuromodulation after spinal cord injury.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Developing Novel Therapies for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy [AO Spine RECODE-DCM Research Priority Number 7]: Opportunities From Restorative Neurobiology.Global spine journal · 2022Article
- Corticospinal Motor Circuit Plasticity After Spinal Cord Injury: Harnessing Neuroplasticity to Improve Functional Outcomes.Molecular neurobiology · 2021Review
- Restoring Sensorimotor Function Through Neuromodulation After Spinal Cord Injury: Progress and Remaining Challenges.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Current advancements in the management of spinal cord injury: A comprehensive review of literature.Surgical neurology international · 2020Review
- The translational landscape in spinal cord injury: focus on neuroplasticity and regeneration.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2019Review
- Non-invasive brain stimulation to promote motor and functional recovery following spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2017Review
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation Alters Corticospinal Output in Patients with Chronic Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
CONTEXT/
objectiveTo examine the effects of repetitive QuadroPulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS(QP)) on hand/leg function after spinal cord injury (SCI).
designInterventional proof-of-concept study.
settingUniversity laboratory.
participantsThree adult subjects with cervical SCI. Interventions Repeated trains of magnetic stimuli were applied to the motor cortical hand/leg area. Several exploratory single-day rTMS(QP) protocols were examined. Ultimately we settled on a protocol using three 5-day trials of (1) rTMS(QP) only; (2) exercise only (targeting hand or leg function); and (3) rTMS(QP) combined with exercise. OUTCOME MEASURES: Hand motor function was assessed by Purdue Pegboard and Complete Minnesota Dexterity tests. Walking function was based on treadmill walking and the Timed Up and Go test. Electromyographic recordings were used for neurophysiological testing of cortical (by single- and double-pulse TMS) and spinal (via tendon taps and electrical nerve stimulation) excitability.
resultsSingle-day rTMS(QP) application had no clear effect in the 2 subjects whose hand function was targeted, but improved walking speed in the person targeted for walking, accompanied by increased cortical excitability and reduced spinal excitability. All 3 subjects showed functional improvement following the 5-day rTMS(QP) intervention, an effect being even more pronounced after the five-day combined rTMS(QP) + exercise sessions. There were no rTMS(QP)-associated adverse effects.
conclusionOur findings suggest a functional benefit of motor cortical rTMS(QP) after SCI. The effect of rTMS(QP) appears to be augmented when stimulation is accompanied by targeted exercises, warranting expansion of this pilot study to a larger subject population.
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