Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2014
Supplementation with multivitamins and vitamin A and incidence of malaria among HIV-infected Tanzanian women.
Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Malaria on Blood Levels of Vitamin E: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Vitamin A Supplementation for Prevention and Treatment of Malaria during Pregnancy and Childhood: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2018Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy for maternal and newborn outcomes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Micronutrients in HIV: a Bayesian meta-analysis.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Current update on malaria in pregnancy: a systematic review.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2025Review
- Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Malaria Preventive Measures in Pregnant Women with a Focus on HIV Status: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Oxidative Stress in Malaria: Potential Benefits of Antioxidant Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Do Micronutrient and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplements Affect Human Maternal Immunity during Pregnancy? A Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Oxidative Stress as a Possible Target in the Treatment of Toxoplasmosis: Perspectives and Ambiguities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Vitamin A Requirements in Pregnancy and Lactation.Current developments in nutrition · 2020Review
- Anemia and Micronutrient Status during Pregnancy, and Their Associations with Obstetric and Infant Outcomes among HIV-Infected Ugandan Women Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.Current developments in nutrition · 2020Article
- Vitamin A and Pregnancy: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2019Review
- The Role of Vitamin E in Immunity.Nutrients · 2018Review
- Micronutrient Deficiencies and Plasmodium vivax Malaria among Children in the Brazilian Amazon.PloS one · 2016Article
- Towards comprehensive women's healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa: addressing intersections between HIV, reproductive and maternal health.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionHIV and malaria infections occur in the same individuals, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined whether daily multivitamin supplementation (vitamins B complex, C, and E) or vitamin A supplementation altered malaria incidence in HIV-infected women of reproductive age.
methodsHIV-infected pregnant Tanzanian women recruited into the study were randomly assigned to daily multivitamins (B complex, C, and E), vitamin A alone, both multivitamins and vitamin A, or placebo. Women received malaria prophylaxis during pregnancy and were followed monthly during the prenatal and postpartum periods. Malaria was defined in 2 ways: presumptive diagnosis based on a physician's or nurse's clinical judgment, which in many cases led to laboratory investigations, and periodic examination of blood smears for malaria parasites.
resultsMultivitamin supplementation compared with no multivitamins significantly lowered women's risk of presumptively diagnosed clinical malaria (relative risk: 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.67 to 0.92), although multivitamins increased their risk of any malaria parasitemia (relative risk: 1.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.02 to 1.50). Vitamin A supplementation did not change malaria incidence during the study.
conclusionsMultivitamin supplements have been previously shown to reduce HIV disease progression among HIV-infected women, and consistent with that, these supplements protected against development of symptomatic malaria. The clinical significance of increased risk of malaria parasitemia among supplemented women deserves further research, however. Preventive measures for malaria are warranted as part of an integrated approach to the care of HIV-infected individuals exposed to malaria.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.