ArticleInflammation2015
In Vitro Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Ciprofloxacin or Azithromycin in Staphylococcus aureus-Stimulated Murine Macrophages are Beneficial in the Presence of Cytochalasin D.
Article in Inflammation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- N-deglycosylation targeting chimera (DGlyTAC): a strategy for immune checkpoint proteins inactivation by specifically removing N-glycan.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Understanding the impact of moxifloxacin on immune function: Findings from cytokine analyses and immunological assays in mice.PloS one · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Histotoxic Profile of a Novel Azithromycin-Loaded Lipid-Based Nanoformulation.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Article
- The Interplay between Antibiotics and the Host Immune Response in Sepsis: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Considerations: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Azithromycin-loaded linolenic acid-modified methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) micelles for bacterial infection treatment.Drug delivery and translational research · 2022Article
- The Role of Antibiotics in Modulating Virulence in Staphylococcus aureus.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2017Review
- Development of a shear stress-free microfluidic gradient generator capable of quantitatively analyzing single-cell morphology.Biomedical microdevices · 2017Article
- Murine macrophage response from peritoneal cavity requires signals mediated by chemokine receptor CCR-2 during Staphylococcus aureus infection.Immunologic research · 2016Article
- Comparison of therapeutic effects of topical azithromycin solution and systemic doxycycline on posterior blepharitis.International journal of ophthalmology · 2016Article
- Riboflavin along with antibiotics balances reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokines and controlsJournal of inflammation (London, England) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We hypothesized that if internalization of Staphylococcus aureus could be blocked by using cytochalasin D (an inhibitor of phagocytosis and phagolysosome fusion), then the intracellular entry and survival of the pathogen in host's phagocytic cells recruited to the inflammatory site can be restricted. At the same time, if we use antimicrobial agents (e.g., ciprofloxacin and azithromycin) having potent intracellular and extracellular microbicidal activity against the bacterium that have not entered into the phagosome and remains adhered to the phagocytic cell membrane, then they can be eradicated from the site of infection without compromising the host cell. To validate this, role of ciprofloxacin (CIP) and azithromycin (AZM) in eliminating S. aureus by suppressing the phagocytic activity of macrophages with cytochalasin D before infection was investigated. CIP and AZM were used either alone or in combination with cytochalasin D. Supernatant and lysate obtained from the culture of macrophages were used for quantification of reactive oxygen species, lysozymes, antioxidant enzymes, and cytokines produced. Azithromycin was better than ciprofloxacin in combination with cytochalasin D for eradicating S. aureus and regulating cytokine release. Further studies are required for ensuring proper delivery of this combination at the site of infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.