Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25429102›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2015

Mass screening and treatment on the basis of results of a Plasmodium falciparum-specific rapid diagnostic test did not reduce malaria incidence in Zanzibar.

Jackie Cook, Weiping Xu, Mwinyi Msellem, Marlotte Vonk, Beatrice Bergström, Roly Gosling, Abdul-Wahid Al-Mafazy, Peter McElroy, Fabrizio Molteni, Ali K Abass and 5 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03783299 (Assessing the Effectiveness of Targeted Active Case Detection Among High Risk Populations in Southern Lao PDR), which is not on this map. Cited by 84 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
84citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
13.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03783299 phase4completednot on this mapstarted 2017, after this paper: background citation

Assessing the Effectiveness of Targeted Active Case Detection Among High Risk Populations in Southern Lao PDR

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of California, San FranciscoRan2017 to 2018Enrolled39,968ConditionsPlasmodium Falciparum MalariaArmsStandard RDT and HS-RDT, Artemether-lumefantrine, Primaquine Phosphate
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

84 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Negligible Impact of Mass Screening and Treatment on Mesoendemic Malaria Transmission at West Timor in Eastern Indonesia: A Cluster-Randomized Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018
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  16. Seasonal variation and interspecies dynamics amongmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
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24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.

Jackie CookDepartment of Microbiology and Tumor and Cell Biology.
Weiping XuDepartment of Microbiology and Tumor and Cell Biology.
Mwinyi MsellemZanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Ministry of Health.
Marlotte VonkDepartment of Microbiology and Tumor and Cell Biology.
Beatrice BergströmDepartment of Microbiology and Tumor and Cell Biology.
Roly GoslingGlobal Health Group, University of California-San Francisco.
Abdul-Wahid Al-MafazyZanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Ministry of Health.
Peter McElroyUS President's Malaria Initiative and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Tanzania Malaria Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Fabrizio MolteniSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute University of Basel, Switzerland.
Ali K AbassZanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Ministry of Health.
Issa GarimoRTI International, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Mahdi RamsanRTI International, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Abdullah AliZanzibar Malaria Elimination Programme, Ministry of Health.
Andreas MårtenssonDepartment of Microbiology and Tumor and Cell Biology Global Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Centre for Clinical Research Sörmland, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Anders BjörkmanDepartment of Microbiology and Tumor and Cell Biology.
Ministry of Health · BBPlan International Tanzania · TZCenter for Clinical Research Dalarna · SECenters for Disease Control and Prevention · USSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute · CHUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999Medical Research Council MR/K012126/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSeasonal increases in malaria continue in hot spots in Zanzibar. Mass screening and treatment (MSAT) may help reduce the reservoir of infection; however, it is unclear whether rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) detect a sufficient proportion of low-density infections to influence subsequent transmission.

methodsTwo rounds of MSAT using Plasmodium falciparum-specific RDT were conducted in 5 hot spots (population, 12 000) in Zanzibar in 2012. In parallel, blood samples were collected on filter paper for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses. Data on confirmed malarial parasite infections from health facilities in intervention and hot spot control areas were monitored as proxy for malaria transmission.

resultsApproximately 64% of the population (7859) were screened at least once. P. falciparum prevalence, as measured by RDT, was 0.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], .1%-.3%) in both rounds, compared with PCR measured prevalences (for all species) of 2.5% (95% CI, 2.1%-2.9%) and 3.8% (95% CI, 3.2%-4.4%) in rounds 1 and 2, respectively. Two fifths (40%) of infections detected by PCR included non-falciparum species. Treatment of RDT-positive individuals (4% of the PCR-detected parasite carriers) did not reduce subsequent malaria incidence, compared with control areas.

conclusionsHighly sensitive point-of-care diagnostic tools for detection of all human malaria species are needed to make MSAT an effective strategy in settings where malaria elimination programs are in the pre-elimination phase.

Indexed as

Mass ScreeningPlasmodium falciparumAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntimalarialsChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantMalaria, FalciparumMaleMiddle AgedAntimalarialsdiagnostic testsmalaria eliminationmass screening and treatmentmolecular methodsPlasmodium falciparumPlasmodium malariaePlasmodium ovalePlasmodium vivaxsubpatentZanzibar

Identifiers

PMID25429102
PMCPMC10881232
OpenAlexW2149473605

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.