Trial reportPloS one2014
Cognitive function in ambulatory patients with systolic heart failure: insights from the warfarin versus aspirin in reduced cardiac ejection fraction (WARCEF) trial.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain Imaging Changes and Related Risk Factors of Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Heart Failure.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction assessed by global longitudinal strain correlates with mild cognitive impairment in hypertensive patients.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Linking the heart and brain in type 2 diabetes: association between global longitudinal strain and cognitive function.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Cognitive impairment in patients hospitalized for congestive heart failure: data from the RICA Registry.Internal and emergency medicine · 2021Article
- Crosstalk between Heart Failure and Cognitive Impairment via hsa-miR-933/RELB/CCL21 Pathway.BioMed research international · 2021Article
- Repositioning medication for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease to delay the onset and prevent progression of Alzheimer's disease.Archives of pharmacal research · 2020Review
- Association between persistent smoking after a diagnosis of heart failure and adverse health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Tobacco induced diseases · 2020Review
- Cognitive Decline Over Time in Patients With Systolic Heart Failure: Insights From WARCEF.JACC. Heart failure · 2019Article
- Exercise and Cognitive Training as a Strategy to Improve Neurocognitive Outcomes in Heart Failure: A Pilot Study.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2019Article
- Subclinical Compromise in Cardiac Strain Relates to Lower Cognitive Performances in Older Adults.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2018Article
- Atrophy of the parahippocampal gyrus is prominent in heart failure patients without dementia.ESC heart failure · 2017Observational
- Cognitive decline in heart failure.Heart failure reviews · 2016Review
- Ischemic aetiology, self-reported frailty, and gender with respect to cognitive impairment in chronic heart failure patients.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2016Article
- Performance of the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) in detecting cognitive impairment in heart failure patients.Heart & lung : the journal of critical careArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 13 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We sought to determine whether cognitive function in stable outpatients with heart failure (HF) is affected by HF severity. A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from 2, 043 outpatients with systolic HF and without prior stroke enrolled in the Warfarin versus Aspirin in Reduced Cardiac Ejection Fraction (WARCEF) Trial. Multivariable regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between cognitive function measured using the Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE) and markers of HF severity (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF], New York Heart Association [NYHA] functional class, and 6-minute walk distance). The mean (SD) for the MMSE was 28.6 (2.0), with 64 (3.1%) of the 2,043 patients meeting the cut-off of MMSE <24 that indicates need for further evaluation of cognitive impairment. After adjustment for demographic and clinical covariates, 6-minute walk distance (β-coefficient 0.002, p<0.0001), but not LVEF or NYHA functional class, was independently associated with the MMSE as a continuous measure. Age, education, smoking status, body mass index, and hemoglobin level were also independently associated with the MMSE. In conclusion, six-minute walk distance, but not LVEF or NYHA functional class, was an important predictor of cognitive function in ambulatory patients with systolic heart failure.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.