Trial reportBMC neurology2014
Impact of a switch to fingolimod versus staying on glatiramer acetate or beta interferons on patient- and physician-reported outcomes in relapsing multiple sclerosis: post hoc analyses of the EPOC trial.
Trial report in BMC neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01216072 (A 6-month, Randomized, Active Comparator, Open-label, Multi-Center Study to Evaluate Patient OutComes, Safety and Tolerability of Fingolimod), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A 6-month, Randomized, Active Comparator, Open-label, Multi-Center Study to Evaluate Patient OutComes, Safety and Tolerability of Fingolimod (FTY720) 0.5 mg/Day in Patients With Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis Who Are Candidates for MS Therapy Change From Previous Disease Modifying Therapy (EPOC)
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- MS Fatigue Post High-Efficacy Treatment.European journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Use of pragmatic randomized trials in multiple sclerosis: A systematic overview.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Fingolimod for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Switching from injectable to other Disease Modifying Therapies may improve sexual dysfunction in people with Multiple Sclerosis.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Impact of Disease Modifying Therapy on MS-Related Fatigue: A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Improvements in quality of life over 2 years with cladribine tablets in people with relapsing multiple sclerosis: The CLARIFY-MS study.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Article
- Overview of the Current Pathophysiology of Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis, Its Diagnosis and Treatment Options - Review Article.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2023Review
- The QOSMOS Study: Pharmacist-Led Multicentered Observational Study on Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology international · 2021Article
- Preferences for a COVID-19 vaccine in Australia.Vaccine · 2021Article
- Immunomodulation Eliminates Inflammation in the Hippocampus in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, but Does Not Ameliorate Anxiety-Like Behavior.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Quality of life among injectable and oral disease-modifying therapy users in the Pacific Northwest Multiple Sclerosis Registry.BMC neurology · 2020Article
- Real-World Treatment Patterns of Disease Modifying Therapy (DMT) for Patients with Relapse-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis and Patient Satisfaction with Therapy: Results of the Non-Interventional SKARLET Study in Slovakia.Patient preference and adherence · 2020Article
- A 12-month, Open Label, Multicenter Pilot Study Evaluating Fingolimod Treatment in terms of Patient Satisfaction in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients - FINE Trial.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2019Article
- Patient satisfaction and healthcare services in specialized multiple sclerosis centres in Germany.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2018Article
- Treatment satisfaction and quality of life in patients treated with fingolimod.Patient preference and adherence · 2018Article
- Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Impact of Disease-Modifying Drugs.CNS drugs · 2017Review
- [Therapy of fatigue in multiple sclerosis : A treatment algorithm].Der Nervenarzt · 2016Review
- Therapy satisfaction and adherence in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: the THEPA-MS survey.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2016Article
- The Berlin Treatment Algorithm: recommendations for tailored innovative therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis-related fatigue.The EPMA journal · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Evaluate Patient OutComes (EPOC) study assessed physician- and patient-reported outcomes in individuals with relapsing multiple sclerosis who switched directly from injectable disease-modifying therapy (iDMT; glatiramer acetate, intramuscular or subcutaneous interferon beta-1a, or interferon beta-1b) to once-daily, oral fingolimod. Post hoc analyses evaluated the impact of a switch to fingolimod versus staying on each of the four individual iDMTs.
methodsOverall, 1053 patients were randomized 3:1 to switch to fingolimod or remain on iDMT. The primary endpoint was the change in Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM) Global Satisfaction score. Secondary endpoints included changes in scores for TSQM Effectiveness, Side Effects and Convenience subscales, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Patient-Reported Outcome Indices for Multiple Sclerosis (PRIMUS) Activities, 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Component Summary (MCS) and Physical Component Summary (PCS) and mean investigator-reported Clinical Global Impressions of Improvement (CGI-I). All outcomes were evaluated after 6 months of treatment.
resultsChanges in TSQM Global Satisfaction scores were superior after a switch to fingolimod when compared with scores in patients remaining on any of the iDMTs (all p <0.001). Likewise, all TSQM subscale scores improved following a switch to fingolimod (all p <0.001), except when compared with glatiramer acetate for the TSQM Side Effects subscale (p = 0.111). FSS scores were found to be superior for fingolimod versus remaining on subcutaneous interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b, BDI-II scores were significantly improved for fingolimod except for the comparison with intramuscular interferon beta-1a, and SF-36 scores were superior with fingolimod compared with remaining on interferon beta-1b (MCS and PCS; p = 0.030 and p = 0.022, respectively) and subcutaneous interferon beta-1a (PCS only; p = 0.024). Mean CGI-I scores were superior with fingolimod when compared with continuing treatment with any of the iDMTs (all p <0.001).
conclusionsAfter 6 months, a switch to fingolimod showed superiority compared with remaining on each iDMT for a range of patient- and physician-reported outcomes, including global satisfaction with treatment.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01216072 .
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.