ArticleCancer2015
A case-matched study of toxicity outcomes after proton therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy for prostate cancer.
Article in Cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence-based indications for proton therapy in adults determined using the GRADE approach.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Proton and Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Acute toxicity of image-guided hypofractionated proton therapy for localized prostate cancer.International journal of clinical oncology · 2018Trial
- A Prospective Comparison of the Effects of Interfractional Variations on Proton Therapy and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2016Trial
- Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: A Comparative Study of Clinical Outcomes and Dosimetry Between Proton and Photon Therapy.Cancer management and research · 2025Article
- Impact of Rectal Spacer on Toxicity Reduction in Men Treated With Proton Versus Photon Therapy.International journal of particle therapy · 2024Article
- Secondary Cancer in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With Advanced External Beam Radiation Therapy.International journal of particle therapy · 2024Article
- Proton therapy toxicity outcomes for localized prostate cancer: Long-term results at a comprehensive cancer center.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Case-Matched Outcomes of Proton Beam and Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer.International journal of particle therapy · 2023Article
- Gastrointestinal/genitourinary adverse event after intensity modulated versus three-dimensional primary radiation therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of Cancer · 2023Article
- Proton versus photon radiation therapy: A clinical review.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Carbon-ion radiotherapy for urological cancers.International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2022Review
- Acute toxicity and patient-reported symptom score after conventional versus moderately hypofractionated proton therapy for prostate cancer.Journal of medical radiation sciences · 2022Article
- Proton therapy for prostate cancer: current state and future perspectives.The British journal of radiology · 2022Review
- Review
- Prostate Cancer Treatment with Pencil Beam Proton Therapy Using Rectal Spacers sans Endorectal Balloons.International journal of particle therapy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe authors assessed whether proton beam therapy (PBT) for prostate cancer (PCa) was associated with differing toxicity compared with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using case-matched analysis.
methodsFrom 2010 to 2012, 394 patients who had localized PCa received 79.2 Gray (Gy) relative biologic effectiveness (RBE) delivered with either PBT (181 patients) or IMRT (213 patients). Patients were case-matched on risk group, age, and prior gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) disorders, resulting in 94 matched pairs. Both exact matching (risk group) and nearest-neighbor matching (age, prior GI/GU disorders) were used. Residual confounding was adjusted for by using multivariable regression. Maximum acute and late GI/GU Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events-graded toxicities were compared using univariate and multivariable logistic and Cox regression models, respectively.
resultsBladder and rectum dosimetry variables were significantly lower for PBT versus IMRT (P ≤ .01). The median follow-up was 47 months (range, 5-65 months) for patients who received IMRT and 29 months (range, 5-50 months) for those who received PBT. On multivariable analysis, which exploited case matching and included direct adjustment for confounders and independent predictors, there were no statistically significant differences between IMRT and PBT in the risk of grade ≥ 2 acute GI toxicity (odds ratio, 0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06-1.24; P = .09), grade ≥ 2 acute GU toxicity (odds ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.32-1.51; P = .36), grade ≥ 2 late GU toxicity (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.22-1.41; P = .22), and grade ≥ 2 late GI toxicity (hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.53-2.94; P = .62).
conclusionsIn this matched comparison of prospectively collected toxicity data on patients with PCa who received treatment with contemporary IMRT and PBT techniques and similar dose-fractionation schedules, the risks of acute and late GI/GU toxicities did not differ significantly after adjustment for confounders and predictive factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.