Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25421113›Full record

ArticleDiagnostic pathology2014

Effects of tissue decalcification on the quantification of breast cancer biomarkers by digital image analysis.

Arkadiusz Gertych, Sonia Mohan, Shawn Maclary, Sambit Mohanty, Kolja Wawrowsky, James Mirocha, Bonnie Balzer, Beatrice S Knudsen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diagnostic pathology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Guideline
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Effect of decalcification protocols on immunohistochemistry and molecular analyses of bone samples.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2020
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Influence of decalcification procedures on immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology in breast cancer.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2016
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Imaging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets: Steroid Receptors in Breast Cancer.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2016
    Review
  17. Computer-based image analysis in breast pathology.Journal of pathology informatics · 2016
    Review
  18. Review
  19. A novel liquid biopsy assay for detection ofJournal of circulating biomarkers
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Arkadiusz GertychDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. arkadiusz.gertych@cshs.org.
Sonia MohanDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. kalaria1@gmail.com.
Shawn MaclaryDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Shawn.Maclary@cshs.org.
Sambit MohantyDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. sambit04@gmail.com.
Kolja WawrowskyDepartments of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, 116N Robertson Blvd. Suite 500, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA. Kolja.Wawrowsky@cshs.org.
James MirochaDepartment of Biostatistics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. James.Mirocha@cshs.org.
Bonnie BalzerDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. bonnie.balzer@cshs.org.
Beatrice S KnudsenDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. beatrice.knudsen@cshs.org.
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecent technical advances in digital image capture and analysis greatly improve the measurement of protein expression in tissues. Breast cancer biomarkers provide a unique opportunity to utilize digital image analysis to evaluate sources of variability that are caused by the tissue preparation, in particular the decalcification treatment associated with the analysis of bone metastatic breast cancer, and to develop methods for comparison of digital data and categorical scores rendered by pathologists.

methodsTissues were prospectively decalcified for up to 24 hours and stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for ER, PR, Ki-67 and p53. HER2 positive breast cancer sections were retrieved from the pathology archives, and annotated with the categorical HER2 expression scores from the pathology reports. Digital images were captured with Leica and Aperio slide scanners. The conversion of the digital to categorical scores was accomplished with a Gaussian mixture model and tested for accuracy by comparison to clinical scores.

resultsWe observe significant effects of the decalcification treatment on common breast cancer biomarkers that are used in the clinic. ER, PR and p53 staining intensities decreased 15 - 20%, whereas Ki-67 decreased > 90% during the first 6 hrs of treatment and stabilized thereafter. In comparison with the Aperio images, pixel intensities generated by the Leica system are lower. A novel statistical model for conversion of digital to categorical scores provides a systematic approach for conversion of nuclear and membrane stains and demonstrated a high concordance with clinical scores.

conclusionDigital image analysis greatly improves the quantification of protein expression in human tissues. Decalcification affects the accuracy of immunohistochemical staining results and cannot be reversed by image analysis. Measurement data obtained on a continuous scoring scale can be converted to categorical scores for comparison with categorical dataset that are generated by pathologists. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/13000_2014_213.

Indexed as

Decalcification TechniqueImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedImmunohistochemistryBiomarkers, TumorBreast NeoplasmsErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine KinasesFemaleHumansKi-67 AntigenPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesReceptors, EstrogenReceptors, ProgesteroneReproducibility of ResultsTime FactorsTumor Suppressor Protein p53Biomarkers, TumorERBB2 protein, humanErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine KinasesKi-67 AntigenReceptors, EstrogenReceptors, ProgesteroneTP53 protein, humanTumor Suppressor Protein p53

Identifiers

PMID25421113
PMCPMC4252006
OpenAlexW2099447719

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.