Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25421001›Full record

ReviewNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2015

Chronic neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury: Alzheimer disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, or persistent neuroinflammation?

Alan I Faden, David J Loane

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 133 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
133citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
11.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

133 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 237 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Trial
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alan I FadenDepartment of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Health Sciences Facility II (HSFII), #S247 20, Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA, afaden@anes.umm.edu.
David J Loane
University of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

University of Maryland Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (UM-OAIC)P30AG028747 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI ALICE S. RYAN · 2006 to 2026
$28.9M
MODULATION OF INJURY BY METABOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTORSR01NS037313 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI FADEN, ALAN IRA · 1999 to 2019
$5.8M
Role of Cell Cycle Pathways in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)R01NS052568 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI FADEN, ALAN IRA · 2006 to 2016
$3.8M
Microglial activation phenotypes and mechanisms of repair in the aged TBI brainR01NS082308 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI LOANE, DAVID J. · 2013 to 2016
$1.4M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG028747NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS037313NINDS NIH HHS R01NS037313NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS052568NINDS NIH HHS R01NS052568NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS082308NINDS NIH HHS R01NS082308
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

It has long been suggested that prior traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the subsequent incidence of chronic neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Among these, the association with Alzheimer disease has the strongest support. There is also a long-recognized association between repeated concussive insults and progressive cognitive decline or other neuropsychiatric abnormalities. The latter was first described in boxers as dementia pugilistica, and has received widespread recent attention in contact sports such as professional American football. The term chronic traumatic encephalopathy was coined to attempt to define a "specific" entity marked by neurobehavioral changes and the extensive deposition of phosphorylated tau protein. Nearly lost in the discussions of post-traumatic neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury has been the role of sustained neuroinflammation, even though this association has been well established pathologically since the 1950s, and is strongly supported by subsequent preclinical and clinical studies. Manifested by extensive microglial and astroglial activation, such chronic traumatic brain inflammation may be the most important cause of post-traumatic neurodegeneration in terms of prevalence. Critically, emerging preclinical studies indicate that persistent neuroinflammation and associated neurodegeneration may be treatable long after the initiating insult(s).

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAnimalsBrain InjuriesBrain Injury, ChronicEncephalitisHumansNerve Degeneration

Identifiers

PMID25421001
PMCPMC4322076
OpenAlexW2010635769

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.