ArticleCellular & molecular immunology2015
Response gene to complement 32 (RGC-32) expression on M2-polarized and tumor-associated macrophages is M-CSF-dependent and enhanced by tumor-derived IL-4.
Article in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineered polypeptide cascade-release platform restores macrophage plasticity for accelerated diabetic wound healing.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Response Gene to Complement 32 is associated with poor patient survival and an inflamed tumor-immune microenvironment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Translational oncology · 2025Article
- Metformin Inhibits the Progression of Pancreatic Cancer Through Regulating miR-378a-3p/VEGFA/RGC-32 Axis.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- PTGR1-mediated immune evasion mechanisms in late-stage triple-negative breast cancer: mechanisms of M2 macrophage infiltration and CD8Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2024Article
- A novel single-cell model reveals ferroptosis-associated biomarkers for individualized therapy and prognostic prediction in hepatocellular carcinoma.BMC biology · 2024Article
- Expression of the prognostic marker IL-8 correlates with the immune signature and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2023Article
- Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment by genome editing for precision cancer therapy.Molecular cancer · 2022Review
- M1 macrophage-derived exosomes and their key molecule lncRNA HOTTIP suppress head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression by upregulating the TLR5/NF-κB pathway.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Regulator of Cell Cycle Protein (RGCC/RGC-32) Protects against Pulmonary Fibrosis.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2022Article
- The Role of TAMs in Tumor Microenvironment and New Research Progress.Stem cells international · 2022Article
- The single-cell landscape of cystic echinococcosis in different stages provided insights into endothelial and immune cell heterogeneity.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Podocalyxin Expressed in Antigen Presenting Cells Promotes Interaction With T Cells and Alters Centrosome Translocation to the Contact Site.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Tumor-associated macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils: biological roles, crosstalk, and therapeutic relevance.Medical review (2021) · 2021Review
- RGCC balances self-renewal and neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells in the developing mammalian neocortex.EMBO reports · 2021Article
- Review
- Progranulin induces immune escape in breast cancer via up-regulating PD-L1 expression on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and promoting CD8Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2021Article
- Dendritic Cell Vaccination of Glioblastoma: Road to Success or Dead End.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages: potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects in cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Review
- Article
- The Crosstalk Between Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) and Tumor Cells and the Corresponding Targeted Therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Response gene to complement 32 (RGC-32) is a cell cycle regulator involved in the proliferation, differentiation and migration of cells and has also been implicated in angiogenesis. Here we show that RGC-32 expression in macrophages is induced by IL-4 and reduced by LPS, indicating a link between RGC-32 expression and M2 polarization. We demonstrated that the increased expression of RGC-32 is characteristic of alternatively activated macrophages, in which this protein suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and promotes the production of the anti-inflammatory mediator TGF-β. Consistent with in vitro data, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) express high levels of RGC-32, and this expression is induced by tumor-derived ascitic fluid in an M-CSF- and/or IL-4-dependent manner. Collectively, these results establish RGC-32 as a marker for M2 macrophage polarization and indicate that this protein is a potential target for cancer immunotherapy, targeting tumor-associated macrophages.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.