Trial reportClimacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society2015
Endothelial function in women of the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study.
Trial report in Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of menopausal hormone therapy on sleep quality: systematic review and meta-analysis.Endocrine · 2017Pooled it
- Long-term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Specific cell-derived microvesicles: Linking endothelial function to carotid artery intima-media thickness in low cardiovascular risk menopausal women.Atherosclerosis · 2016Trial
- Differential effects of hormone therapy on serotonin, vascular function and mood in the KEEPS.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2016Trial
- Hypertension in Women Across the Lifespan.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2021Review
- The Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study (KEEPS): what have we learned?Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2019Review
- Aging women and their endothelium: probing the relative role of estrogen on vasodilator function.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2019Review
- The association of surgical versus natural menopause with future left ventricular structure and function: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2017Article
- Estrogenic vascular effects are diminished by chronological aging.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Association of Age at Menopause With Incident Heart Failure: A Prospective Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Observational
- The molecular actions of oestrogen in the regulation of vascular health.Experimental physiology · 2016Review
- Patient considerations in the management of menopausal symptoms: role of conjugated estrogens with bazedoxifene.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveEndothelial dysfunction occurs early in the atherosclerotic disease process, often preceding clinical symptoms. Use of menopausal hormone treatment (MHT) to reduce cardiovascular risk is controversial. This study evaluated effects of 4 years of MHT on endothelial function in healthy, recently menopausal women.
methodsEndothelial function was determined by pulse volume digital tonometry providing a reactive hyperemia index (RHI) in a subset of women enrolled in the Kronos Early Estrogen Prevention Study. RHI was measured before and annually after randomization to daily oral conjugated equine estrogen (oCEE, 0.45 mg), weekly transdermal 17β-estradiol (tE2, 50 μg) each with intermittent progesterone (200 mg daily 12 days of the month) or placebo pills and patch.
resultsAt baseline, RHI averaged 2.39 ± 0.69 (mean ± standard deviation; n = 83), and over follow-up did not differ significantly among groups: oCEE, 2.26 ± 0.48 (n = 26); tE2, 2.26 ± 0.45 (n = 24); and placebo, 2.37 ± 0.37 (n = 33). Changes in RHI did not correlate with changes in traditional cardiovascular risk factors, but may inversely correlate with carotid intima medial thickness (Spearman correlation coefficient ρ = -0.268, p = 0.012).
conclusionIn this 4-year prospective assessment of recently menopausal women, MHT did not significantly alter RHI when compared to placebo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.