ArticleMolecular neurobiology2016
Immunomodulatory Effect of Toll-Like Receptor-3 Ligand Poly I:C on Cortical Spreading Depression.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of the causes and consequences of spreading depolarization in neuroinflammation; implications for neurovascular disorders.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Pooled it
- Beyond AQP-4: convergent glymphatic-meningeal lymphatic dysfunction underlying multifactorial migraine pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Spreading depolarization triggers pro- and anti-inflammatory signalling: a potential link to headache.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Poly-IC Alleviates Nitroglycerin-Induced Migraine by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation via TLR3/TRIF Signaling Pathway.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- The link between spreading depolarization and innate immunity in the central nervous system.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Review
- Neuroimmune interactions in the development and chronification of migraine headache.Trends in neurosciences · 2024Review
- The Role of Astrocytes in Migraine with Cortical Spreading Depression: Protagonists or Bystanders? A Narrative Review.Pain and therapy · 2024Review
- Unraveling the interplay of neuroinflammatory signaling between parenchymal and meningeal cells in migraine headache.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Review
- TLR2 Mediates Microglial Activation and Contributes to Central Sensitization in a Recurrent Nitroglycerin-induced Chronic Migraine Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Role of microglia after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Review
- Deep and unbiased proteomics, pathway enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction of biomarker signatures in migraine.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2024Article
- Modulating oxidative stress and neurogenic inflammation: the role of topiramate in migraine treatment.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Review
- Experimental and Clinical Investigation of Cytokines in Migraine: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Toll-like receptors and their role in neuropathic pain and migraine.Molecular brain · 2022Review
- Immunologic aspects of migraine: A review of literature.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Parenchymal neuroinflammatory signaling and dural neurogenic inflammation in migraine.The journal of headache and pain · 2021Review
- Role of Neuroinflammation and Blood-Brain Barrier Permutability on Migraine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- Differential pathogenesis of intracerebral and intramuscular inoculation of street rabies virus and CVS-11 strains in a mouse model.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2021Article
- Migraine and neuroinflammation: the inflammasome perspective.The journal of headache and pain · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The release of inflammatory mediators following cortical spreading depression (CSD) is suggested to play a role in pathophysiology of CSD-related neurological disorders. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are master regulators of innate immune function and involved in the activation of inflammatory responses in the brain. TLR3 agonist poly I:C exerts anti-inflammatory effect and prevents cell injury in the brain. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of systemic administration of poly I:C on the release of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, TGF-β1, and GM-CSF) in the brain and spleen, splenic lymphocyte proliferation, expression of GAD65, GABAAα, GABAAβ as well as Hsp70, and production of dark neurons after induction of repetitive CSD in juvenile rats. Poly I:C significantly attenuated CSD-induced production of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the brain as well as TNF-α and IL-4 in the spleen. Poly I:C did not affect enhancement of splenic lymphocyte proliferation after CSD. Administration of poly I:C increased expression of GABAAα, GABAAβ as well as Hsp70 and decreased expression of GAD65 in the entorhinal cortex compared to CSD-treated tissues. In addition, poly I:C significantly prevented production of CSD-induced dark neurons. The data indicate neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of TLR3 activation on CSD-induced neuroinflammation. Targeting TLR3 may provide a novel strategy for developing new treatments for CSD-related neurological disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.