ArticleMalaria journal2014
Genetic polymorphism and amino acid sequence variation in Plasmodium falciparum GLURP R2 repeat region in Assam, India, at an interval of five years.
Article in Malaria journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genotyping and CharacterizingTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Review
- Genetic polymorphism ofAccess microbiology · 2022Article
- Genomic miscellany and allelic frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum msp-1, msp-2 and glurp in parasite isolates.PloS one · 2022Article
- Characterization of drug resistance and genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum parasites from Tripura, Northeast India.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Molecular approaches to determine the multiplicity of Plasmodium infections.Malaria journal · 2018Review
- Genetic Diversity of theThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2018Article
- Size and sequence polymorphisms in the glutamate-rich protein gene of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Extensive diversity in the allelic frequency of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface proteins and glutamate-rich protein in rural and urban settings of southwestern Nigeria.Malaria journal · 2018Article
- Molecular characterization ofThe Indian journal of medical research · 2017Article
- Article
- Evaluation of Insecticides Susceptibility and Malaria Vector Potential of Anopheles annularis s.l. and Anopheles vagus in Assam, India.PloS one · 2016Article
- Absence of asymptomatic malaria in a cohort of 133 individuals in a malaria endemic area of Assam, India.BMC public health · 2015Article
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Abstract
backgroundThe R2 repeat region of GLURP has been reported as a good genetic marker for Plasmodium falciparum genotyping. Proper knowledge of the extent and nature of P. falciparum genetic diversity using highly immunogenic R2 repeat region in malaria-endemic areas is a crucial element to understand various aspects related to immunity acquisition and disease pathogenesis.
methodsPopulation diversity of P. falciparum GLURP and amino acid sequence repeats in GLURP R2 region was studied in malaria-endemic Assam state, northeast India and compared at an interval of five years during 2005 (Group-A) and 2011 (Group-B).
resultsOf the 66 samples, a total of 55 samples showed positive PCR bands for GLURP R2 region and altogether ten types of alleles with size ranging from 501 bp to 1,050 bp (50 bp bin) were observed and coded as genotypes I-X. In Group-A (n = 29), 24 samples were found infected with single, four with double and one with triple P. falciparum genotype, while in Group-B (n = 26), single genotype was found in 23 samples, double in two samples and triple in one sample. Genotype IV showed significant increase (p = 0.002) during 2011 (Group-B). Genotypes I to V were more common in Group-B (62%), however genotypes VI to X were more frequently distributed in Group-A. The expected heterozygosity was found slightly higher in Group-A (HE = 0.87) than Group-B (HE = 0.85), whereas multiplicity of infection (MOI) in Group-A (MOI = 1.21 ± 0.49) and Group-B (MOI = 1.12 ± 0.43) did not display significant variation. The amino acid repeat sequence unit (AAU) DKNEKGQHEIVEVEEILPE (called 'a') was more frequent in the well-conserved part of R2 repeat region.
conclusionThe present study is the first extensive study in India which has generated substantial data for understanding the type and distribution of naturally evolved genetic polymorphism at amino acid sequence level in GLURP R2 repeat region in P. falciparum. There was decrease in the PCR amplicon size as well as the number of AAU [amino acid repeat unit] in Group-B displaying the bottleneck effect. The present study described a new type of AAU 'd' which varied from the other previous known AAUs.
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