Trial reportJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2015
High HIV, HPV, and STI prevalence among young Western Cape, South African women: EVRI HIV prevention preparedness trial.
Trial report in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for the prevention of cervical cancer and other HPV-related diseases: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis among women in sub-Saharan Africa: An individual participant data meta-analysis of 18 HIV prevention studies.PLoS medicine · 2018Pooled it
- The Empower Nudge lottery to increase dual protection use: a proof-of-concept randomised pilot trial in South Africa.Reproductive health matters · 2018Trial
- Patterns of prevalent HPV and STI co-infections and associated factors among HIV-negative young Western Cape, South African women: the EVRI trial.Sexually transmitted infections · 2018Trial
- Cervical HPV natural history among young Western Cape, South African women: The randomized control EVRI Trial.The Journal of infection · 2016Trial
- Attitudes toward an HPV vaccine for condyloma acuminata and willingness to undergo vaccination among STD clinic attendees in China: Focus on STI prevention with HPV vaccine.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Sociodemographics, behaviour and knowledge of first South African HPV-vaccine recipients.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2024Article
- Acceptability, feasibility and cost of point of care testing for sexually transmitted infections among South African adolescents where syndromic management is standard of care.BMC health services research · 2023Observational
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of different screening and diagnostic strategies for sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis in women attending primary health care facilities in Cape Town.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Human papillomavirus prevalence in male and female university students in Gaborone, Botswana.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- Microbiological and behavioral determinants of genital HPV infections among adolescent girls and young women warrant the need for targeted policy interventions to reduce HPV risk.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2022Article
- High human papillomavirus prevalence among females attending high school in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.PloS one · 2021Article
- High-risk HPV genotypes in Zimbabwean women with cervical cancer: Comparative analyses between HIV-negative and HIV-positive women.PloS one · 2021Article
- Incidence and risk factors of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae among young women from the Western Cape, South Africa: The EVRI study.PloS one · 2021Article
- Point-of-Care Testing to Guide Treatment and Estimate Risk Factors for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents and Young People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Eswatini.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- High prevalence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections among human immunodeficiency virus-infected pregnant women in a low-income South African community.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2018Article
- Article
- High human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in South African adolescents and young women encourages expanded HPV vaccination campaigns.PloS one · 2018Article
- HPV SEROSTATUS PRE- AND POST-VACCINATION IN A RANDOMIZED PHASE II PREPAREDNESS TRIAL AMONG YOUNG WESTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN: THE EVRI TRIAL.Papillomavirus research (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2017Article
- Comprehensive Human Papillomavirus Genotyping in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Its Relevance to Cervical Cancer Prevention in Malawian Women.Journal of global oncology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study sought to assess the feasibility of conducting a phase III HIV prevention trial using a multivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (Gardasil; Merck, Whitehouse Station, NJ).
methodsA total of 479 sexually active women aged 16-24 years in the Western Cape, South Africa, were enrolled in the Efficacy of HPV Vaccine to Reduce HIV Infection (EVRI) Trial. Of these, 402 were HIV negative, nonpregnant, and randomized 1:1 to receive Gardasil or a saline placebo vaccine. Vaccine doses were administered at enrollment, month 2, and month 6, and participants were followed for 1 month after the third dose. Enrollment HIV, HPV, other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and cervical cytology were evaluated. Rates of accrual, vaccine compliance, and adherence to protocol were monitored.
resultsHigh rates of accrual of eligible females to study (93%) and completion of the 3-dose vaccine series (91%) were noted, with few protocol violations. Ineligibility due to reported HIV positivity was 19%, and another 12% of those enrolled tested HIV positive. STI prevalence was high, with 6.2%, 10.9%, and 32.8% testing positive for syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia, respectively. Cervical prevalence of ≥1 of 37 HPV types was 71%. STI and HPV prevalence was highest among the youngest women (<19 years).
conclusionsFeasibility (successful accrual, retention, and vaccination) of conducting randomized placebo-controlled trials of HPV vaccines among HIV high-risk women in South Africa was demonstrated. This work demonstrates that phase III HIV prevention trials need to intervene at young ages and screen and treat multiple STIs concurrently to have a measurable impact on HIV acquisition.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.