ArticleFrontiers in neural circuits2014
Cholinergic mechanisms in spinal locomotion-potential target for rehabilitation approaches.
Article in Frontiers in neural circuits, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic mechanisms of medullary cholinergic-serotonergic pathway interactions in regulating neuronal excitability and locomotor activities.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Central Pattern Generators in Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanisms, Modulation, and Therapeutic Strategies for Motor Recovery.JOR spine · 2025Review
- Unraveling the Bone-Brain Axis: A New Frontier in Parkinson's Disease Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Approach to Small Animal Neurorehabilitation by Locomotor Training: An Update.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Article
- Cholinergic Modulation of Locomotor Circuits in Vertebrates.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Cholinergic system changes in Parkinson's disease: emerging therapeutic approaches.The Lancet. Neurology · 2022Review
- Corticofugal and Brainstem Functions Associated With Medial Olivocochlear Cholinergic Transmission.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Acetylcholine and spinal locomotor networks: The insider.Physiological reports · 2021Review
- The M-current works in tandem with the persistent sodium current to set the speed of locomotion.PLoS biology · 2020Article
- Allopregnanolone Enhances GABAergic Inhibition in Spinal Motor Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Article
- Contribution of 5-HTFrontiers in neural circuits · 2020Article
- Balanced cholinergic modulation of spinal locomotor circuits via M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Activation of Brainstem Neurons During Mesencephalic Locomotor Region-Evoked Locomotion in the Cat.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2019Article
- Evidence of axon connectivity across a spinal cord transection in rats treated with epidural stimulation and motor training combined with olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation.Experimental neurology · 2018Article
- The Neuroplastic and Therapeutic Potential of Spinal Interneurons in the Injured Spinal Cord.Trends in neurosciences · 2018Review
- Cholinergic-mediated coordination of rhythmic sympathetic and motor activities in the newborn rat spinal cord.PLoS biology · 2018Article
- Spinal cholinergic interneurons differentially control motoneuron excitability and alter the locomotor network operational range.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- LFP Oscillations in the Mesencephalic Locomotor Region during Voluntary Locomotion.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Previous experiments implicate cholinergic brainstem and spinal systems in the control of locomotion. Our results demonstrate that the endogenous cholinergic propriospinal system, acting via M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors, is capable of consistently producing well-coordinated locomotor activity in the in vitro neonatal preparation, placing it in a position to contribute to normal locomotion and to provide a basis for recovery of locomotor capability in the absence of descending pathways. Tests of these suggestions, however, reveal that the spinal cholinergic system plays little if any role in the induction of locomotion, because MLR-evoked locomotion in decerebrate cats is not prevented by cholinergic antagonists. Furthermore, it is not required for the development of stepping movements after spinal cord injury, because cholinergic agonists do not facilitate the appearance of locomotion after spinal cord injury, unlike the dramatic locomotion-promoting effects of clonidine, a noradrenergic α-2 agonist. Furthermore, cholinergic antagonists actually improve locomotor activity after spinal cord injury, suggesting that plastic changes in the spinal cholinergic system interfere with locomotion rather than facilitating it. Changes that have been observed in the cholinergic innervation of motoneurons after spinal cord injury do not decrease motoneuron excitability, as expected. Instead, the development of a "hyper-cholinergic" state after spinal cord injury appears to enhance motoneuron output and suppress locomotion. A cholinergic suppression of afferent input from the limb after spinal cord injury is also evident from our data, and this may contribute to the ability of cholinergic antagonists to improve locomotion. Not only is a role for the spinal cholinergic system in suppressing locomotion after SCI suggested by our results, but an obligatory contribution of a brainstem cholinergic relay to reticulospinal locomotor command systems is not confirmed by our experiments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.