Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25414323›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2015

Allele frequency net 2015 update: new features for HLA epitopes, KIR and disease and HLA adverse drug reaction associations.

Faviel F González-Galarza, Louise Y C Takeshita, Eduardo J M Santos, Felicity Kempson, Maria Helena Thomaz Maia, Andrea Luciana Soares da Silva, André Luiz Teles e Silva, Gurpreet S Ghattaoraya, Ana Alfirevic, Andrew R Jones and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 369 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
369citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
28.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

369 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 755 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Guideline
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  11. Decoding the human CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2026
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309 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Faviel F González-GalarzaInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreon, Mexico.
Louise Y C TakeshitaInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Eduardo J M SantosInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Felicity KempsonInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Maria Helena Thomaz MaiaHuman and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Andrea Luciana Soares da SilvaHuman and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
André Luiz Teles e SilvaHuman and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Gurpreet S GhattaorayaInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Ana AlfirevicDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Andrew R JonesInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Andrew.Jones@liv.ac.uk.
Derek MiddletonTransplant Immunology Laboratory, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital, University of Liverpool, UK Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, UK.
University of Liverpool · GBUniversidade Federal do Pará · BRRoyal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital NHS Trust · GB

Funding

Department of Health II-LB-0313-20008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

It has been 12 years since the Allele Frequency Net Database (AFND; http://www.allelefrequencies.net) was first launched, providing the scientific community with an online repository for the storage of immune gene frequencies in different populations across the world. There have been a significant number of improvements from the first version, making AFND a primary resource for many clinical and scientific areas including histocompatibility, immunogenetics, pharmacogenetics and anthropology studies, among many others. The most widely used part of AFND stores population frequency data (alleles, genes or haplotypes) related to human leukocyte antigens (HLA), killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related genes (MIC) and a number of cytokine gene polymorphisms. AFND now contains >1400 populations from more than 10 million healthy individuals. Here, we report how the main features of AFND have been updated to include a new section on 'HLA epitope' frequencies in populations, a new section capturing the results of studies identifying HLA associations with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and one for the examination of infectious and autoimmune diseases associated with KIR polymorphisms-thus extending AFND to serve a new user base in these growing areas of research. New criteria on data quality have also been included.

Indexed as

Databases, GeneticGene FrequencyDiseaseDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsEpitopesHistocompatibility Antigens Class IHLA AntigensHumansInternetReceptors, KIREpitopesHistocompatibility Antigens Class IHLA AntigensReceptors, KIR

Identifiers

PMID25414323
PMCPMC4383964
OpenAlexW2009483826

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.