ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2014
Risk factors for buruli ulcer in Ghana-a case control study in the Suhum-Kraboa-Coaltar and Akuapem South Districts of the eastern region.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- A need for null models in understanding disease transmission: the example of Mycobacterium ulcerans (Buruli ulcer disease).FEMS microbiology reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Individual and clinical variables associated with the risk of Buruli ulcer acquisition: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Risk factors for Buruli ulcer disease in Ghana: A matched case-control study in four selected endemic districts of Eastern and Oti Regions.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Systematic review: Global host range, case fatality and detection rates ofJournal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2024Review
- Review
- A combined field study of Buruli ulcer disease in southeast Benin proposing preventive strategies based on epidemiological, geographic, behavioural and environmental analyses.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Detection of cutaneous leishmaniasis in three communities of Oti Region, Ghana.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Geospatial clustering of meningitis: an early warning system (hotspot) for potential meningitis outbreak in upper east region of Ghana.Ghana medical journal · 2020Article
- Buruli ulcer: The Efficacy of Innate Immune Defense May Be a Key Determinant for the Outcome of Infection WithFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Assessment of community knowledge, attitude, and stigma of Buruli ulcer disease in Southern Nigeria.African health sciences · 2019Article
- The changing epidemiology worldwide ofEpidemiology and infection · 2018Article
- Modelling the spatial distribution of aquatic insects (Order Hemiptera) potentially involved in the transmission of Mycobacterium ulcerans in Africa.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Domestic animals infected with Mycobacterium ulcerans-Implications for transmission to humans.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Risk factors for Mycobacterium ulcerans infection (Buruli Ulcer) in Togo ─ a case-control study in Zio and Yoto districts of the maritime region.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Buruli Ulcer, a Prototype for Ecosystem-Related Infection, Caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- Increased Severity and Spread of Mycobacterium ulcerans, Southeastern Australia.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Seasonal Pattern of Mycobacterium ulcerans, the Causative Agent of Buruli Ulcer, in the Environment in Ghana.Microbial ecology · 2017Article
- Environmental and Behavioral Drivers of Buruli Ulcer Disease in Selected Communities Along the Densu River Basin of Ghana: A Case-Control Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2017Article
- High-Throughput Carbon Substrate Profiling of Mycobacterium ulcerans Suggests Potential Environmental Reservoirs.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBuruli ulcer (BU) is a skin disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. Its exact mode of transmission is not known. Previous studies have identified demographic, socio-economic, health and hygiene as well as environment related risk factors. We investigated whether the same factors pertain in Suhum-Kraboa-Coaltar (SKC) and Akuapem South (AS) Districts in Ghana which previously were not endemic for BU.
methodsWe conducted a case control study. A case of BU was defined as any person aged 2 years or more who resided in study area (SKC or AS District) diagnosed according to the WHO clinical case definition for BU and matched with age- (+/-5 years), gender-, and community controls. A structured questionnaire on host, demographic, environmental, and behavioural factors was administered to participants.
resultsA total of 113 cases and 113 community controls were interviewed. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis identified presence of wetland in the neighborhood (OR=3.9, 95% CI=1.9-8.2), insect bites in water/mud (OR=5.7, 95% CI=2.5-13.1), use of adhesive when injured (OR=2.7, 95% CI=1.1-6.8), and washing in the Densu river (OR=2.3, 95% CI=1.1-4.96) as risk factors associated with BU. Rubbing an injured area with alcohol (OR=0.21, 95% CI=0.008-0.57) and wearing long sleeves for farming (OR=0.29, 95% CI=0.14-0.62) showed protection against BU.
conclusionThis study identified the presence of wetland, insect bites in water, use of adhesive when injured, and washing in the river as risk factors for BU; and covering limbs during farming as well as use of alcohol after insect bites as protective factors against BU in Ghana. Until paths of transmission are unraveled, control strategies in BU endemic areas should focus on these known risk factors.
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