SynthesisPublic health nutrition2015
Pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
Synthesis in Public health nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Energy intake and physical activity over the course of pregnancy and gestational weight gain: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled lifestyle intervention trials.Nutrition journal · 2025Pooled it
- Associations between food insecurity in high-income countries and pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness and implementation of lower-intensity weight management interventions delivered by the non-specialist workforce in postnatal women: a mixed-methods systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Maternal Body Mass Index, Gestational Weight Gain, and Risk of Cancer in Offspring: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum culinary nutrition education interventions: a systematic review.Nutrition reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Factors Influencing Pregnancy and Postpartum Weight Management in Women of African and Caribbean Ancestry Living in High Income Countries: Systematic Review and Evidence Synthesis Using a Behavioral Change Theoretical Model.Frontiers in public health · 2021Pooled it
- Gestational weight gain outside the Institute of Medicine recommendations and adverse pregnancy outcomes: analysis using individual participant data from randomised trials.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effect of diet and physical activity based interventions in pregnancy on gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes: meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2017Pooled it
- Coparenting-focused preventive intervention reduces postnatal maternal BMI and buffers impact of cortisol.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Trial
- Modifiable Determinants of Postpartum Weight Loss in Women with Obesity: A Secondary Analysis of the UPBEAT Trial.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Maternal Preconception Body Size and Early Childhood Growth during Prenatal and Postnatal Periods Are Positively Associated with Child-Attained Body Size at Age 6-7 Years: Results from a Follow-up of the PRECONCEPT Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Gestational Weight Gain-Re-Examining the Current Paradigm.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- The Type of Dietary Fat in an Isocaloric Breakfast Meal Does Not Modify Postprandial Metabolism in Overweight/Obese Pregnant Women.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Does Partial Meal Replacement During Pregnancy Reduce 12-Month Postpartum Weight Retention?Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Risk Factors for Postpartum Weight Retention in Postpartum Women: An Integrative Review.Nursing open · 2026Review
- Maternal History of Weight Loss and Prospective Gestational Weight Gain.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Bariatric surgery after childbirth: does a history of pregnancy affect weight loss after surgery? The Maternal Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery and Pregnancy Study (MOMBARIS).Wideochirurgia i inne techniki maloinwazyjne = Videosurgery and other miniinvasive techniques · 2026Article
- Accessibility, acceptability, and usage during COVID-19 of the evidence-based intervention Healthy Eating and Active Living Taught at Home (HEALTH): implications for implementation strategies.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the association of gestational weight gain (GWG) or pre-pregnancy BMI with postpartum weight retention (PPWR).
designMeta-analysis.
settingPubMed, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded, Current Contents Connects and Biosis Previews were used to search articles. SUBJECTS: Publications that described the influence of pre-pregnancy BMI or GWG on PPWR.
resultsSeventeen studies that satisfied the eligibility criteria were included in the analyses. Women with inadequate and excessive GWG had significantly lower mean PPWR of -2·14 kg (95 % CI -2·43, -1·85 kg) and higher PPWR of 3·21 kg (95 % CI 2·79, 3·62 kg), respectively, than women with adequate GWG. When postpartum time spans were stratified into 1-3 months, 3-6 months, 6-12 months, 12-36 months and ≥15 years, the association between inadequate GWG and PPWR faded over time and became insignificant (-1·42 kg; 95 % CI -3·08, 0·24 kg) after ≥15 years. However, PPWR in women with excess GWG exhibited a U-shaped trend; that is, a decline during the early postpartum time span (year 1) and then an increase in the following period. Meta-analysis of qualitative studies showed a significant relationship between excessive GWG and higher PPWR risk (OR=2·08; 95 % CI 1·60, 2·70). Moreover, meta-analysis of pre-pregnancy BMI on PPWR indicated that mean PPWR decreased with increasing BMI group.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that GWG, rather than pre-pregnancy BMI, determines the shorter- or longer-term PPWR.
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