ArticleClinical endocrinology2015
Midkine concentrations in fine-needle aspiration of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.
Article in Clinical endocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis and validation of prognostic markers for thyroid cancer by single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Serum Thyroid Biomarkers for Diagnosing Malignant Thyroid Nodules: A Machine Learning Approach with External and Causal Validation.Journal of Cancer · 2026Article
- Nitric oxide, thyroglobulin, and calcitonin: unraveling the nature of thyroid nodules.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Diagnostic performance of Midkine ratios in fine-needle aspirates for evaluation of Cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules.Diagnostic pathology · 2021Article
- Plasma midkine concentrations in healthy children, children with increased and decreased adiposity, and children with short stature.PloS one · 2019Article
- Changes of serum midkine as a dynamic prognostic factor to monitor disease status in papillary thyroid cancer.Medicine · 2018Article
- Midkine and pleiotrophin concentrations in needle biopsies of breast and lung masses.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2017Article
- Article
- Midkine: A Novel Biomarker to Predict Malignancy in Patients with Nodular Thyroid Disease.International journal of endocrinology · 2016Article
- Midkine and Pleiotrophin Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancies.PloS one · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextThe primary preoperative method for distinguishing malignant from benign thyroid nodules is fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology, but it is frequently inconclusive. Midkine (MDK) is a heparin-binding growth factor, which is overexpressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).
objectiveWe measured MDK concentrations in FNA samples from benign and malignant thyroid nodules to explore the possibility that MDK measurement might aid in the evaluation of thyroid nodules.
design35 subjects underwent preoperative FNA of 45 thyroid nodules, followed by thyroidectomy, providing a histological diagnosis. FNA needle contents were first expressed for cytology, and then, the needle was washed with buffer for immunoassay. In 46 subjects without preoperative FNA samples, FNA was performed ex vivo on 62 nodules within surgically excised thyroid tissue. MEASUREMENTS: MDK was measured using a high-sensitivity sandwich ELISA and normalized to thyroglobulin (Tg) concentration in the sample to adjust for tissue content in the aspirate.
resultsThe MDK/Tg ratio was higher in 18 PTCs than in 87 benign nodules (204 ± 106 vs 1·2 ± 0·3 ng/mg, mean ± SEM, P < 0·001). Using a threshold of 10 ng/mg, the sensitivity and specificity of the MDK/Tg ratio for diagnosis of PTC were 67% and 99%, respectively. All follicular variant PTCs had a MDK/Tg ratio <10 ng/mg.
conclusionsThe findings indicate that, in FNA samples, the MDK/Tg ratio in PTC is greater than in benign thyroid nodules, raising the possibility that this approach might provide adjunctive diagnostic or prognostic information to complement existing approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.