ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2015
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale in Portuguese adults: from classical measurement theory to Rasch model analysis.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Measuring Subjective Sleep Quality: A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Clock gene signature predicts insomnia and links to sleep/circadian parameters.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Fear of Missing Out and Aggression: Role of Fatigue, Daytime Sleepiness and Self-regulation-A Serial Mediation Model.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Article
- Comparative psychometric evaluation of the Arabic version of four patient-reported outcome measures for sleep assessment: a construct validity study using Rasch analysis.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Article
- Article
- High prevalence of poor sleep quality and sleep deficit: A study in children, adolescents, and adult soccer players.PloS one · 2025Observational
- Linguistic validation of the Epworth Sleep Scale among healthy individuals into Moroccan dialect.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- PreBMJ open · 2022Article
- Determinants of Sleep Disorders and Occupational Burnout among Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Are the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) domains considered in the obstructive sleep apnea instruments? An integrative review.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2021Review
- Treatment of snoring disorder with a non-ablactive Er:YAG laser dual mode protocol. An interventional study.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2020Article
- Factor Analysis of the Insomnia Severity Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale in Shift Workers.Journal of Korean medical science · 2019Article
- Test equating sleep scales: applying the Leunbach's model.BMC medical research methodology · 2019Article
- Psychometric properties of the Epworth sleepiness scale in Ethiopian university students.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2019Article
- The Epworth Sleepiness Scale: Validation of One-Dimensional Factor Structure in a Large Clinical Sample.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2018Article
- Factor structure and psychometric properties of a Persian translation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents.Health promotion perspectives · 2018Article
- The Relation between Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.Canadian respiratory journal · 2018Article
- Assessing narcolepsy with cataplexy in children and adolescents: development of a cataplexy diary and the ESS-CHAD.Nature and science of sleep · 2017Article
- Normative values of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), derived from a large German sample.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a largely wide used scale for sleepiness assessment. Measurement properties are studied in a sample of Portuguese adults, using different statistical procedures.
methodsThe sample consisted of 222 Portuguese adults (97 men and 125 women) with a mean age of 42 years old (SD = 12.5), 46 of which had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) confirmed by polysomnography. The participants were assessed with the ESS, which was tested through a quantitative analysis based on the classical measurement theory (CMT) or the Rasch model (RM) conventions.
resultsA principal component factor analysis was performed according to the CMT, revealing a single factor explaining 39.92% of the total variance of the scale. Internal consistency measured by Cronbach's α coefficient was of .77. The mean of inter-item correlation was of .31 (.05 < r > .47), whereas the item-total correlations were considered good (.46 < r > .73). The ESS total score for OSA patients was significantly higher than healthy participants (p < .05). Overall data from the RM analysis was consistent with the guidelines of Linacre and essential unidimensionality was empirically corroborated (61% the percentage of variance explained by the Rasch analysis). Model fit is adequate and the reliability coefficients for both items (.99) and subjects (.78) were considered good. The Cronbach's α coefficient was also satisfactory (.78).
conclusionsThe ESS showed an adequate structural, internal, and criterion validity, both in the CMT and the RM, suggesting this as a useful and effective measure for assessing sleepiness in Portuguese adults.
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