SynthesisBMC genomics2014
Meta-analysis of human methylation data for evidence of sex-specific autosomal patterns.
Synthesis in BMC genomics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Distinct sex-specific DNA methylation differences in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Mitochondrial genome-wide analysis of nuclear DNA methylation quantitative trait loci.Human molecular genetics · 2022Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis of Brain DNA Methylation Across Sex, Age, and Alzheimer's Disease Points for Accelerated Epigenetic Aging in Neurodegeneration.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in newborns and children show widespread sex differences in blood DNA methylation.Mutation research. Reviews in mutation researchPooled it
- Early life epigenetics and childhood outcomes: a scoping review.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- DNA Methylation Associates With Sex-Specific Effects of Experimentally Increased Yolk Testosterone in Wild Nestlings.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Review
- Attenuated sex-related DNA methylation differences in cancer highlight the magnitude bias mediating existing disparities.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Epigenome-wide association study on the plasma metabolome suggests self-regulation of the glycine and serine pathway through DNA methylation.Clinical epigenetics · 2024Article
- Epigenetic associations in HPA axis genes related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia and antenatal steroids.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Sex differences in DNA methylation across gestation: a large scale, cross-cohort, multi-tissue analysis.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Computational deconvolution of DNA methylation data from mixed DNA samples.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Review
- Patient Sex and Origin Influence Distribution of Driver Genes and Clinical Presentation of Paraganglioma.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Connecting the mechanisms of tumor sex differences with cancer therapy.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Epigenetics of the far northern Yakutian population.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- A higher dysregulation burden of brain DNA methylation in female patients implicated in the sex bias of Schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
- Y chromosome sequence and epigenomic reconstruction across human populations.Communications biology · 2023Article
- DNA methylation markers for kidney function and progression of diabetic kidney disease.Nature communications · 2023Article
- A Higher Dysregulation Burden of Brain DNA Methylation in Female Patients Implicated in the Sex Bias of Schizophrenia.Research square · 2023Article
- Who's afraid of the X? Incorporating the X and Y chromosomes into the analysis of DNA methylation array data.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2023Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral individual studies have suggested that autosomal CpG methylation differs by sex both in terms of individual CpG sites and global autosomal CpG methylation. However, these findings have been inconsistent and plagued by spurious associations due to the cross reactivity of CpG probes on commercial microarrays. We collectively analysed 76 published studies (n = 6,795) for sex-associated differences in both autosomal and sex chromosome CpG sites.
resultsOverall autosomal methylation profiles varied substantially by study, and we encountered substantial batch effects. We accounted for these by conducting random effects meta-analysis for individual autosomal CpG methylation associations. After excluding non-specific probes, we found 184 autosomal CpG sites differentially methylated by sex after correction for multiple testing. In line with previous studies, average beta differences were small. Many of the most significantly associated CpG probes were new. Of note was differential CpG methylation in the promoters of genes thought to be involved in spermatogenesis and male fertility, such as SLC9A2, SPESP1, CRISP2, and NUPL1. Pathway analysis revealed overrepresentation of genes differentially methylated by sex in several broad Gene Ontology biological processes, including RNA splicing and DNA repair.
conclusionsThis study represents a comprehensive analysis of sex-specific methylation patterns. We demonstrate the existence of sex-specific methylation profiles and report a large number of novel DNA methylation differences in autosomal CpG sites between sexes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.