ArticlemBio2014
Contemporary avian influenza A virus subtype H1, H6, H7, H10, and H15 hemagglutinin genes encode a mammalian virulence factor similar to the 1918 pandemic virus H1 hemagglutinin.
Article in mBio, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiological and Phylogenetic Analysis of Reassorted H10Nx Avian Influenza Viruses in Guangdong Province, China.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Genetic evolution and pathogenicity analysis of two natural recombinant isolates of avian influenza.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Structural and functional characterization of the antigenicity of influenza A virus hemagglutinin subtype H15.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Pandemic preparedness through vaccine development for avian influenza viruses.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Effect of pandemic influenza A virus PB1 genes of avian origin on viral RNA polymerase activity and pathogenicity.Science advances · 2024Article
- An inactivated multivalent influenza A virus vaccine is broadly protective in mice and ferrets.Science translational medicine · 2022Article
- Serologic Evidence of Occupational Exposure to Avian Influenza Viruses at the Wildfowl/Poultry/Human Interface.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Viral Evasion of Innate Immune Defense: The Case of Resistance of Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Virus to Human Mannose-Binding Proteins.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- The 1918 Influenza Pandemic and Its Legacy.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2020Review
- Review
- Article
- Pandemics Throughout History.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
- Innate Immunity and Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis: Lessons for COVID-19.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Madin-Darby canine kidney cell sialic acid receptor modulation induced by culture medium conditions: Implications for the isolation of influenza A virus.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2019Article
- The 1918 influenza pandemic: 100 years of questions answered and unanswered.Science translational medicine · 2019Review
- Making Universal Influenza Vaccines: Lessons From the 1918 Pandemic.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- The Mother of All Pandemics Is 100 Years Old (and Going Strong)!American journal of public health · 2018Article
- Article
- The Role and Molecular Mechanism of Action of Surfactant Protein D in Innate Host Defense Against Influenza A Virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledZoonotic avian influenza virus infections may lead to epidemics or pandemics. The 1918 pandemic influenza virus has an avian influenza virus-like genome, and its H1 hemagglutinin was identified as a key mammalian virulence factor. A chimeric 1918 virus expressing a contemporary avian H1 hemagglutinin, however, displayed murine pathogenicity indistinguishable from that of the 1918 virus. Here, isogenic chimeric avian influenza viruses were constructed on an avian influenza virus backbone, differing only by hemagglutinin subtype expressed. Viruses expressing the avian H1, H6, H7, H10, and H15 subtypes were pathogenic in mice and cytopathic in normal human bronchial epithelial cells, in contrast to H2-, H3-, H5-, H9-, H11-, H13-, H14-, and H16-expressing viruses. Mouse pathogenicity was associated with pulmonary macrophage and neutrophil recruitment. These data suggest that avian influenza virus hemagglutinins H1, H6, H7, H10, and H15 contain inherent mammalian virulence factors and likely share a key virulence property of the 1918 virus. Consequently, zoonotic infections with avian influenza viruses bearing one of these hemagglutinins may cause enhanced disease in mammals. IMPORTANCE: Influenza viruses from birds can cause outbreaks in humans and may contribute to the development of pandemics. The 1918 pandemic influenza virus has an avian influenza virus-like genome, and its main surface protein, an H1 subtype hemagglutinin, was identified as a key mammalian virulence factor. In a previous study, a 1918 virus expressing an avian H1 gene was as virulent in mice as the reconstructed 1918 virus. Here, a set of avian influenza viruses was constructed, differing only by hemagglutinin subtype. Viruses with the avian H1, H6, H7, H10, and H15 subtypes caused severe disease in mice and damaged human lung cells. Consequently, infections with avian influenza viruses bearing one of these hemagglutinins may cause enhanced disease in mammals, and therefore surveillance for human infections with these subtypes may be important in controlling future outbreaks.
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