ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Relating influenza virus membrane fusion kinetics to stoichiometry of neutralizing antibodies at the single-particle level.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dissociation kinetics and avidity gate SARS-CoV-2 neutralization by HR2 stem helix antibodies.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A Viral Mutation Profiling and Discovery Strategy for Sensitive Multiplex Detection of Viruses and Variants in Saliva by Proteomics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Unmasking complex kinetics in viral entry by inferring hypoexponential models.Biophysical journal · 2025Article
- Single VLP lipid-mixing measurements confirm off-pathway state in dengue virus fusion mechanism.Biophysical journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Virion-associated influenza hemagglutinin clusters upon sialic acid binding visualized by cryoelectron tomography.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- Bioluminescent detection of viral surface proteins using branched multivalent protein switches.RSC chemical biology · 2024Article
- Mechanistic dissection of antibody inhibition of influenza entry yields unexpected heterogeneity.Biophysical journal · 2023Article
- Single-Virus Fusion Measurements Reveal Multiple Mechanistically Equivalent Pathways for SARS-CoV-2 Entry.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- The Art of Viral Membrane Fusion and Penetration.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2023Article
- Hemagglutinin Stability Determines Influenza A Virus Susceptibility to a Broad-Spectrum Fusion Inhibitor Arbidol.ACS infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Cooperative Chikungunya Virus Membrane Fusion and Its Substoichiometric Inhibition by CHK-152 Antibody.Viruses · 2022Article
- Model-based inference of neutralizing antibody avidities against influenza virus.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Engineering recombinantly expressed lectin-based antiviral agents.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Single-virus content-mixing assay reveals cholesterol-enhanced influenza membrane fusion efficiency.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Cyanovirin-N Binds Viral Envelope Proteins at the Low-Affinity Carbohydrate Binding Site without Direct Virus Neutralization Ability.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- IFITM3 incorporation sensitizes influenza A virus to antibody-mediated neutralization.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2021Article
- The shape of pleomorphic virions determines resistance to cell-entry pressure.Nature microbiology · 2021Article
- EphrinB2 clustering by Nipah virus G is required to activate and trap F intermediates at supported lipid bilayer-cell interfaces.Science advances · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ability of antibodies binding the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) protein to neutralize viral infectivity is of key importance in the design of next-generation vaccines and for prophylactic and therapeutic use. The two antibodies CR6261 and CR8020 have recently been shown to efficiently neutralize influenza A infection by binding to and inhibiting the influenza A HA protein that is responsible for membrane fusion in the early steps of viral infection. Here, we use single-particle fluorescence microscopy to correlate the number of antibodies or antibody fragments (Fab) bound to an individual virion with the capacity of the same virus particle to undergo membrane fusion. To this end, individual, infectious virus particles bound by fluorescently labeled antibodies/Fab are visualized as they fuse to a planar, supported lipid bilayer. The fluorescence intensity arising from the virus-bound antibodies/Fab is used to determine the number of molecules attached to viral HA while a fluorescent marker in the viral membrane is used to simultaneously obtain kinetic information on the fusion process. We experimentally determine that the stoichiometry required for fusion inhibition by both antibody and Fab leaves large numbers of unbound HA epitopes on the viral surface. Kinetic measurements of the fusion process reveal that those few particles capable of fusion at high antibody/Fab coverage display significantly slower hemifusion kinetics. Overall, our results support a membrane fusion mechanism requiring the stochastic, coordinated action of multiple HA trimers and a model of fusion inhibition by stem-binding antibodies through disruption of this coordinated action.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.