ReviewCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2015
Basic mechanisms of epileptogenesis in pediatric cortical dysplasia.
Review in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- GABAFrontiers in neural circuits · 2022Pooled it
- Increased Cannabinoid Receptor 1-Immunopositive Perisomatic Input of Principal Cells in Human Epileptic Patients in Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type IIB.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- The Mechanism Underlying the Abnormal Expression of α-Synuclein in the Cortical Lesions of Patients With FCD Type IIb and TSC.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Single cell protein profiling of focal cortical dysplasia in a patient requiring multiple resections.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- 4-Aminopyridine induced hyperpolarizing oscillations in pediatric human epileptic tissue are network-driven potassium currents that are abolished by activation of KCNQ2-5 (Kv7.2-Kv7.5) channels.Neurobiology of disease · 2026Article
- Focal cortical dysplasias: modeling pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy using human brain organoids.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Dysregulation of Myelination in Focal Cortical Dysplasia Type II of the Human Frontal Lobe.Glia · 2025Article
- Characterizing the Diversity of Layer 2/3 Human Neocortical Neurons in Pediatric Epilepsy.eNeuro · 2025Article
- Focal cortical dysplasia type II: review of neuropathological manifestations and pathogenetic mechanisms.Acta epileptologica · 2025Review
- Architecture and cellular composition of focal cortical dysplasia type II: qualitative review of histological studies.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Review
- WONOEP appraisal: The role of glial cells in focal malformations associated with early onset epilepsies.Epilepsia · 2024Review
- Balloon cells in malformations of cortical development: friends or foes?Acta epileptologica · 2024Review
- Targeting pathological cells with senolytic drugs reduces seizures in neurodevelopmental mTOR-related epilepsy.Nature neuroscience · 2024Article
- Ectopic HCN4 Provides a Target Biomarker for the Genetic Spectrum of mTORopathies.Neurology. Genetics · 2024Article
- Between neurons and networks: investigating mesoscale brain connectivity in neurological and psychiatric disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Iconography of abnormal non-neuronal cells in pediatric focal cortical dysplasia type IIb and tuberous sclerosis complex.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Altered functional connectivity and network excitability in a model of cortical dysplasia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Clinical and Surgical Approach for Cerebral Cortical Dysplasia.Advances and technical standards in neurosurgery · 2023Article
- Downregulated formyl peptide receptor 2 expression in the epileptogenic foci of patients with focal cortical dysplasia type IIb and tuberous sclerosis complex.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cortical dysplasia (CD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder due to aberrant cell proliferation and differentiation. Advances in neuroimaging have proven effective in early identification of the more severe lesions and timely surgical removal to treat epilepsy. However, the exact mechanisms of epileptogenesis are not well understood. This review examines possible mechanisms based on anatomical and electrophysiological studies. CD can be classified as CD type I consisting of architectural abnormalities, CD type II with the presence of dysmorphic cytomegalic neurons and balloon cells, and CD type III which occurs in association with other pathologies. Use of freshly resected brain tissue has allowed a better understanding of basic mechanisms of epileptogenesis and has delineated the role of abnormal cells and synaptic activity. In CD type II, it was demonstrated that balloon cells do not initiate epileptic activity, whereas dysmorphic cytomegalic and immature neurons play an important role in generation and propagation of epileptic discharges. An unexpected finding in pediatric CD was that GABA synaptic activity is not reduced, and in fact, it may facilitate the occurrence of epileptic activity. This could be because neuronal circuits display morphological and functional signs of dysmaturity. In consequence, drugs that increase GABA function may prove ineffective in pediatric CD. In contrast, drugs that counteract depolarizing actions of GABA or drugs that inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway could be more effective.
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Registered trials
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