Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25403289›Full record

ReviewDer Nervenarzt2014

[Neuroenhancement].

G Gründer, T Bartsch

Abstract readEnglish AbstractReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Der Nervenarzt, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 44% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

G GründerKlinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland, ggruender@ukaachen.de.
T Bartsch
RWTH Aachen University · DEUniversity Hospital Schleswig-Holstein · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCognitive enhancement or neuroenhancement describes the increase in cognitive performance in humans by means of psychotropic drugs or brain stimulation methods, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). PROBLEM: This article discusses the potential of pharmacological cognitive enhancement with some of the most common drugs.

methodsA selective literature search was performed taking into account the most important groups of substances (i.e. caffeine, nicotine, stimulants including modafinil, and acetylcholine esterase inhibitors) for which studies on the pharmacological elevation of cognitive performance in healthy subjects are available.

resultsThe extent of the effects that can be pharmacologically achieved is essentially genetically determined. Some of the best-characterized polymorphisms are described here. Pharmacological enhancement of cognitive performance is currently possible with all of the compounds described here and caffeine and nicotine are used by millions of people without the explicit intention of most consumers of cognitive enhancement. DISCUSSION: Clinical neuroscientists are required to share their expertise to a greater extent in the social discourse on cognitive enhancement in the future in order to influence opinion-forming and decision-making processes.

Indexed as

Cognition DisordersCognitive ReserveEvidence-Based MedicineHumansNootropic AgentsPsychotropic DrugsTreatment OutcomeNootropic AgentsPsychotropic Drugs

Identifiers

PMID25403289
OpenAlexW4250852027

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.