Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25403204›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2015

Survival among patients with pancreatic cancer and long-standing or recent-onset diabetes mellitus.

Chen Yuan, Douglas A Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E Clancy, Richard S Swanson and 9 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05306028 phase2active not recruitingstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Administration of Metformin and Insulin to Pancreatic Cancer Related Diabetes Mellitus (Type 3c)

Ran2022Enrolled20Registered outcomes4Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabete Mellitus, Pancretic CancerArmsMetformin or insulin treatment
PMID 29775599PMID 28114552PMID 19111249other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
NCT05132244 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Pancreatic Cancer Glucose Assessment and Regulation Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorBritish Columbia Cancer AgencyRan2024 to 2027Enrolled50ConditionsPancreatic Cancer, PDAC - Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, HyperglycemiaArmsEndocrinologist-directed target blood glucose level 4-10 mmol/L using data from a continuous glucose monitor (CGM), Standard Care
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Sex-Specific Associations between Adiponectin and Leptin Signaling and Pancreatic Cancer Survival.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Liquid biopsy approach to pancreatic cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2021
    Review
  15. Prediagnostic Inflammation and Pancreatic Cancer Survival.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2021
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Preexisting Type 2 Diabetes and Survival among Patients with Colorectal Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Chen YuanChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Douglas A RubinsonChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Zhi Rong QianChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Chen WuChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Peter KraftChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Ying BaoChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Shuji OginoChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Kimmie NgChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Thomas E ClancyChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Richard S SwansonChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Megan J GormanChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Lauren K BraisChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Tingting LiChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Meir J StampferChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Frank B HuChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Edward L GiovannucciChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Matthew H KulkeChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Charles S FuchsChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Brian M WolpinChen Yuan, Douglas A. Rubinson, Zhi Rong Qian, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Megan J. Gorman, Lauren K. Brais, Tingting Li, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Chen Wu, Peter Kraft, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, and Edward L. Giovannucci, Harvard School of Public Health; and Ying Bao, Shuji Ogino, Kimmie Ng, Thomas E. Clancy, Richard S. Swanson, Meir J. Stampfer, Frank B. Hu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Matthew H. Kulke, Charles S. Fuchs, and Brian M. Wolpin, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. bwolpin@partners.org.
Mass General Brigham · US

Funding

Statistical MethodsP01CA087969 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI TWOROGER, SHELLEY S · 2000 to 2019
$77.8M
Tissue and Pathology ResourcesP50CA127003 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI EL-BARDEESY, NABEEL, SELLERS, WILLIAM R · 2007 to 2023
$33.2M
Long Term Multidisciplinary Study of Cancer in Women: The Nurses Health StudyUM1CA186107 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ELIASSEN, A. HEATHER, STAMPFER, MEIR · 2014 to 2023
$22.3M
Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in Male Health ProfessionalsU01CA167552 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Lorelei Mucci, Walter C. Willett · 2017 to 2026
$17.0M
Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in Male Health ProfessionalsUM1CA167552 · NCI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI WILLETT, WALTER C. · 2012 to 2016
$11.5M
BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN THE NURSES'HEALTH STUDY COHORTR01CA049449 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI HANKINSON, SUSAN E · 1989 to 2008
$11.3M
Sleep Duration, Childhood Energy Balance, and Insulin Resistance in AdolescenceU54CA155626 · NCI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI HU, FRANK B · 2011 to 2015
$9.6M
BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN THE NURSES HEALTH STUDY COHORTU01CA049449 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST · PI HANKINSON, SUSAN E · 1995 to 2013
$5.4M
Prospective Cohort Collaborative in Pancreatic Cancer Epidemiology & PathogenesisR01CA124908 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI FUCHS, CHARLES S · 2007 to 2012
$4.3M
Cohort Study of Biochemical and Genetic Risk Factors for Pancreatic CancerK07CA140790 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI WOLPIN, BRIAN MATTHEW · 2009 to 2013
$890k
Role of Vitamin D, Inflammation, and Energy Balance in Colorectal Cancer SurvivalK07CA148894 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI NG, KIMMIE · 2011 to 2015
$889k
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNCI NIH HHS 1UM1 CA167552NCI NIH HHS K07 CA140790NCI NIH HHS K07 CA148894NCI NIH HHS P01 CA55075NCI NIH HHS P01 CA87969NCI NIH HHS P50 CA127003NCI NIH HHS R01 CA124908NCI NIH HHS R01 CA49449NCI NIH HHS U54 CA155626NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA186107
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeLong-standing diabetes is a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, and recent-onset diabetes in the several years before diagnosis is a consequence of subclinical pancreatic malignancy. However, the impact of diabetes on survival is largely unknown. PATIENTS AND

methodsWe analyzed survival by diabetes status among 1,006 patients diagnosed from 1986 to 2010 from two prospective cohort studies: the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS). We validated our results among 386 patients diagnosed from 2004 to 2013 from a clinic-based case series at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI). We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for death using Cox proportional hazards models, with adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, diagnosis year, and cancer stage.

resultsIn NHS and HPFS, HR for death was 1.40 (95% CI, 1.15 to 1.69) for patients with long-term diabetes (> 4 years) compared with those without diabetes (P < .001), with median survival times of 3 months for long-term diabetics and 5 months for nondiabetics. Adjustment for a propensity score to reduce confounding by comorbidities did not change the results. Among DFCI patient cases, HR for death was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.07 to 2.20) for those with long-term diabetes compared with those without diabetes (P = .02), with median survival times of 9 months for long-term diabetics and 13 months for nondiabetics. Compared with nondiabetics, survival times were shorter for long-term diabetics who used oral hypoglycemics or insulin. We observed no statistically significant association of recent-onset diabetes (< 4 years) with survival.

conclusionLong-standing diabetes was associated with statistically significantly decreased survival among patients with pancreatic cancer enrolled onto three longitudinal studies.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge of OnsetComorbidityDiabetes MellitusFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansIncidenceKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisOutcome Assessment, Health CarePancreatic Neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID25403204
PMCPMC4268250
OpenAlexW2025157903

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.