ArticleDemography2014
Long-term trends in adult mortality for U.S. Blacks and Whites: an examination of period- and cohort-based changes.
Article in Demography, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed.
- Historical slavery predicts contemporary disparities in mortality between Black and White Americans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Rising Black life expectancy in an era of increased immigration.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Structural disadvantages to the kin network from intergenerational racial health inequities.Social forces; a scientific medium of social study and interpretation · 2024Article
- Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Dual-Function Life Expectancy.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Part of the gender gap in voting for Democrats arises because a higher proportion of women than men voters are Black.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Race and Ethnicity, Racism, and Population Health in the United States: The Straightforward, the Complex, Innovations, and the Future.Demography · 2023Review
- "Outside the Skin": The Persistence of Black-White Disparities in U.S. Early-Life Mortality.Demography · 2022Article
- Long-Term Effects of Cognitive Training on All-Cause Mortality in US Older Adults.Journal of aging and health · 2022Article
- Physical Activity as a Mediator Between Race/Ethnicity and Changes in Multimorbidity.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- Age, Period, and Cohort Effects of Internalizing Symptoms Among US Students and the Influence of Self-Reported Frequency of Attaining 7 or More Hours of Sleep: Results From the Monitoring the Future Survey 1991-2019.American journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Assessing the role of socioeconomic status and discrimination exposure for racial disparities in inflammation.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2022Article
- Who looks on the bright side? Optimistic and pessimistic perceptual-response reflexes over American adulthood.Advances in life course research · 2022Article
- Transgender data collection in the electronic health record: Current concepts and issues.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2022Article
- "Everything is Connected": Health Lifestyles and Teenagers' Social Distancing Behaviors in the COVID-19 Pandemic.Sociological perspectives : SP : official publication of the Pacific Sociological Association · 2021Article
- Trends in "Deaths of Despair" Among Working-Aged White and Black Americans, 1990-2017.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- Perceptions of Diseases of Despair by Members of Rural and Urban High-Prevalence Communities: A Qualitative Study.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Social Inequality and the Future of U.S. Life Expectancy.Annual review of sociology · 2021Article
- Designing Retrospective Measures on Childhood for Older African American Adults.International journal of aging & human development · 2021Article
- Article
- Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality in American Indians Over 25 Years: The Strong Heart Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Black-white differences in U.S. adult mortality have narrowed over the past five decades, but whether this narrowing unfolded on a period or cohort basis is unclear. The distinction has important implications for understanding the socioeconomic, public health, lifestyle, and medical mechanisms responsible for this narrowing. We use data from 1959 to 2009 and age-period-cohort (APC) models to examine period- and cohort-based changes in adult mortality for U.S. blacks and whites. We do so for all-cause mortality among persons aged 15-74 as well as for several underlying causes of death more pertinent for specific age groups. We find clear patterns of cohort-based reductions in mortality for both black men and women and white men and women. Recent cohort-based reductions in heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, female breast cancer, and other cancer mortality have been substantial and, save for breast cancer, have been especially pronounced for blacks. Period-based changes have also occurred and are especially pronounced for some causes of death. Period-based reductions in blacks' and whites' heart disease and stroke mortality are particularly impressive, as are recent period-based reductions in young men's and women's mortality from infectious diseases and homicide. These recent period changes are more pronounced among blacks. The substantial cohort-based trends in chronic disease mortality and recent period-based reductions for some causes of death suggest a continuing slow closure of the black-white mortality gap. However, we also uncover troubling signs of recent cohort-based increases in heart disease mortality for both blacks and whites.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.