Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25402174›Full record

ArticleComparative medicine2014

Mouse models of aerosol-acquired tularemia caused by Francisella tularensis types A and B.

David L Fritz, Marilyn J England, Lynda Miller, David M Waag

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Comparative medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Animal modelling with theMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2025
    Article
  3. Virulence and genome analysis of three historicalFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are modulated during Francisella tularensis infection, but inhibition of extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) is of limited therapeutic benefit.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2016
    Article
  10. Potentiation ofMedChemComm · 2016
    Article
  11. F. novicida-Infected A. castellanii Does Not Enhance Bacterial Virulence in Mice.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

David L FritzBacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA.
Marilyn J EnglandBacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA.
Lynda MillerBacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland.
David M WaagBacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, USA. david.m.waag.ctr@mail.mil.
United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

After preliminary assessment of virulence in AKR/J, DBA/1, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice, we investigated histopathologic changes in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice infected with type A (strain SCHU S4) or type B (strain 425) Francisella tularensis by aerosol exposure. In mice exposed to type A infection, changes in histologic presentation were not apparent until day 3 after infection, when pyogranulomatous inflammation was detected in spleens and livers of BALB/c mice, and in lungs and spleens of C57BL/6 mice. Histopathologic changes were most severe and widespread in both mouse strains on day 5 after infection and seemed to completely resolve within 22 d of challenge. BALB/c mice were more resistant than C57BL/6 mice in lethal-dose calculations, but C57BL/6 mice cleared the infection more rapidly. Mice similarly challenged with type B F. tularensis also developed histopathologic signs of infection beginning on day 3. The most severe changes were noted on day 8 and were characterized by granulomatous or pyogranulomatous infiltrations of the lungs. Unlike type A infection, lesions due to type B did not resolve over time and remained 3 wk after infection. In type B, but not type A, infection we noted extensive inflammation of the heart muscle. Although no microorganisms were found in tissues of type A survivors beyond 9 d after infection, mice surviving strain 425 infection had a low level of residual infection at 3 wk after challenge. The histopathologic presentation of tularemia caused by F. tularensis types A and B in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice bears distinct similarities to tularemia in humans.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalAerosolsAnimalsFrancisella tularensisInflammationLiverLungMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C57BLSpecies SpecificitySpleenTularemiaAerosols

Identifiers

PMID25402174
PMCPMC4236782
OpenAlexW2465202643

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.