ReviewFrontiers in immunology2014
B1b cells recognize protective antigens after natural infection and vaccination.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combination of live-attenuated and adenovirus-based vaccines provides immediate and durable protection againstMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Half a century of pneumococcal vaccination in sickle cell disease: Are we winning the battle or losing immunity?Vaccine · 2026Review
- The Framework of Host Innate and Adaptive Immunological Pathways.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- A distinct TCRiScience · 2026Article
- Activation of B1 B cells by F. tularensis atypical LPS depends on classical complement and C3a.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- B cell-expressed CD1d promotes MPL/TDCM lipid emulsion adjuvant effects in polysaccharide vaccines.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Regulators and Conductors of Immunity: Natural Immune System in Health and Autoimmunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Requirement of a Wnt5A-microbiota axis in the maintenance of gut B-cell repertoire and protection from infection.mSphere · 2024Article
- B-1 lymphocytes in adipose tissue as innate modulators of inflammation linked to cardiometabolic disease.Immunological reviews · 2024Review
- B cells and atherosclerosis: A HIV perspective.Journal of cellular physiology · 2024Review
- Role of Immune Cells and Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Age-associated accumulation of B cells promotes macrophage inflammation and inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue during sepsis.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Humoral immune response and changes in peritoneal cell populations in rats immunized against two Leptospira serovars; serovar patoc and serovar pyrogenes.BMC immunology · 2023Article
- Following Natural Autoantibodies: Further Immunoserological Evidence Regarding Their Silent Plasticity and Engagement in Immune Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Development in Mice with Chronic Lung Exposure to Coccidioides Fungal Arthroconidia.ImmunoHorizons · 2023Article
- Distinct defects in early innate and late adaptive immune responses typify impaired fracture healing in diet-induced obesity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Insights into the Roles of B Cells in Patients with Sepsis.Journal of immunology research · 2023Review
- Current understanding of the immune potential of B-cell subsets in malarial pathogenesis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Antibodies in action: the role of humoral immunity in the fight against atherosclerosis.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2022Review
- Trafficking and retention of protein antigens across systems and immune cell types.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
There are multiple, distinct B-cell populations in human beings and other animals such as mice. In the latter species, there is a well-characterized subset of B-cells known as B1 cells, which are enriched in peripheral sites such as the peritoneal cavity but are rare in the blood. B1 cells can be further subdivided into B1a and B1b subsets. There may be additional B1 subsets, though it is unclear if these are distinct populations or stages in the developmental process to become mature B1a and B1b cells. A limitation in understanding B1 subsets is the relative paucity of specific surface markers. In contrast to mice, the existence of B1 cells in human beings is controversial and more studies are needed to investigate the nature of these enigmatic cells. Examples of B1b antigens include pneumococcal polysaccharide and the Vi antigen from Salmonella Typhi, both used routinely as vaccines in human beings and experimental antigens such as haptenated-Ficoll. In addition to inducing classical T-dependent responses some proteins are B1b antigens and can induce T-independent (TI) immunity, examples include factor H binding protein from Borrelia hermsii and porins from Salmonella. Therefore, B1b antigens can be proteinaceous or non-proteinaceous, induce TI responses, memory, and immunity, they exist in a diverse range of pathogenic bacteria, and a single species can contain multiple B1b antigens. An unexpected benefit to studying B1b cells is that they appear to have a propensity to recognize protective antigens in bacteria. This suggests that studying B1b cells may be rewarding for vaccine design as immunoprophylactic and immunotherapeutic interventions become more important due to the decreasing efficacy of small molecule antimicrobials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.