ArticlePloS one2014
S. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of schistosomes on host anti-viral immune response and the acquisition, virulence, and prevention of viral infections: A systematic review.PLoS pathogens · 2021Pooled it
- MICHELINdb: a web-based tool for mining of helminth-microbiota interaction datasets, and a meta-analysis of current research.Microbiome · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection and its treatment on antibody responses to measles catch-up immunisation in pre-school children: A randomised trial.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Trial
- Helminth infections affect host immune responses to viral infections and vaccines.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Spleen and peripheral blood immunopathology in an outbred model of adult-stage murine schistosomiasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Patients with Trichinella spiralis infection display unmodified antigen-specific immune response to SARS-CoV-2.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025Article
- The impact of helminth-induced immunity on infection with bacteria or viruses.Veterinary research · 2023Review
- Differential Analysis of Key Proteins Related to Fibrosis and Inflammation in Soluble Egg Antigen ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Helminth exposure protects against murine SARS-CoV-2 infection through macrophage dependent T cell activation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- The notable global heterogeneity in the distribution of COVID-19 cases and the association with pre-existing parasitic diseases.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Exploring the Association Between Latent Toxoplasma gondii Infection and COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients: First Registry-Based Study.Acta parasitologica · 2022Article
- Tissue-specific immunity in helminth infections.Mucosal immunology · 2022Review
- Prevalence of Pneumocystosis in Sub-Saharan Africa and Helminth Immune Modulation.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Transkingdom Interactions Important for the Pathogenesis of Human Viruses.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- The New Status of Parasitic Diseases in the COVID-19 Pandemic-Risk Factors or Protective Agents?Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Article
- Potential Influence of Helminth Molecules on COVID-19 Pathology.Trends in parasitology · 2021Review
- Worms: Pernicious parasites or allies against allergies?Parasite immunology · 2019Review
- Impact of Endemic Infections on HIV Susceptibility in Sub-Saharan Africa.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human intestinal parasite Schistosoma mansoni causes a chronic disease, schistosomiasis or bilharzia. According to the current literature, the parasite induces vigorous immune responses that are controlled by Th2 helper cells at the expense of Th1 helper cells. The latter cell type is, however, indispensable for anti-viral immune responses. Remarkably, there is no reliable literature among 230 million patients worldwide describing defective anti-viral immune responses in the upper respiratory tract, for instance against influenza A virus or against respiratory syncitial virus (RSV). We therefore re-examined the immune response to a human isolate of S. mansoni and challenged mice in the chronic phase of schistosomiasis with influenza A virus, or with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), a mouse virus to model RSV infections. We found that mice with chronic schistosomiasis had significant, systemic immune responses induced by Th1, Th2, and Th17 helper cells. High serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-13, IL-2, IL-17, and GM-CSF were found after mating and oviposition. The lungs of diseased mice showed low-grade inflammation, with goblet cell hyperplasia and excessive mucus secretion, which was alleviated by treatment with an anti-TNF-α agent (Etanercept). Mice with chronic schistosomiasis were to a relative, but significant extent protected from a secondary viral respiratory challenge. The protection correlated with the onset of oviposition and TNF-α-mediated goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus secretion, suggesting that these mechanisms are involved in enhanced immune protection to respiratory viruses during chronic murine schistosomiasis. Indeed, also in a model of allergic airway inflammation mice were protected from a viral respiratory challenge with PVM.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.