ArticleOpen access journal of sports medicine2014
Effects of 16-week high-intensity interval training using upper and lower body ergometers on aerobic fitness and morphological changes in healthy men: a preliminary study.
Article in Open access journal of sports medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative effects of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on body composition and blood pressure in overweight adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Pooled it
- Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage after a High-Intensity Interval Exercise Session: Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Muscle Protein Synthesis Responses Following Aerobic-Based Exercise or High-Intensity Interval Training with or Without Protein Ingestion: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- Divergent effects of high-intensity functional training and moderate-intensity continuous training in adolescents with overweight/obesity: a randomized controlled trial on body composition, physical fitness, and psychological health.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Trial
- Comparative effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on weight and metabolic health in college students with obesity.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Cellular Stress Response Gene Expression During Upper and Lower Body High Intensity Exercises.PloS one · 2017Trial
- The effects of 4 weeks of sport-specific repeated sprint training on upper-body strength quality, anaerobic capacity and punching ability of elite male boxers.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Article
- Does High-Intensity Interval Training Increase Muscle Strength, Muscle Mass, and Muscle Endurance? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Comparative efficacy of concurrent training types on lower limb strength and muscular hypertrophy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2024Review
- Effects of 10-Week Online Moderate- to High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition, and Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance during the COVID-19 Lockdown.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Interference Phenomenon with Concurrent Strength and High-Intensity Interval Training-Based Aerobic Training: An Updated Model.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Article
- Can High-Intensity Interval Training Promote Skeletal Muscle Anabolism?Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Review
- Influence of Acute and Chronic Exercise on Abdominal Fat Lipolysis: An Update.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Review
- The effect of 12 weeks of combined upper- and lower-body high-intensity interval training on muscular and cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2019Article
- Cross-sectional area of the paraspinal muscles and its association with muscle strength among fighter pilots: a 5-year follow-up.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2019Article
- Changes in Physical Fitness After 12 Weeks of Structured Concurrent Exercise Training, High Intensity Interval Training, or Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Training in Sedentary Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Three Different Exercise Strategies for Optimizing Aerobic Capacity and Skeletal Muscle Performance in Older Adults: Protocol for the DART Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2019Article
- High-Intensity Interval Training: A Potential Exercise Countermeasure During Human Spaceflight.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
- Revisiting the Role of Exercise Countermeasure on the Regulation of Energy Balance During Space Flight.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is unclear whether combined leg and arm high-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves fitness and morphological characteristics equal to those of leg-based HIIT programs. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of HIIT using leg-cycling (LC) and arm-cranking (AC) ergometers with an HIIT program using only LC. Effects on aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle were analyzed. Twelve healthy male subjects were assigned into two groups. One performed LC-HIIT (n=7) and the other LC- and AC-HIIT (n=5) twice weekly for 16 weeks. The training programs consisted of eight to 12 sets of >90% VO2 (the oxygen uptake that can be utilized in one minute) peak for 60 seconds with a 60-second active rest period. VO2 peak, watt peak, and heart rate were measured during an LC incremental exercise test. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of trunk and thigh muscles as well as bone-free lean body mass were measured using magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The watt peak increased from baseline in both the LC (23%±38%; P<0.05) and the LC-AC groups (11%±9%; P<0.05). The CSA of the quadriceps femoris muscles also increased from baseline in both the LC (11%±4%; P<0.05) and the LC-AC groups (5%±5%; P<0.05). In contrast, increases were observed in the CSA of musculus psoas major (9%±11%) and musculus anterolateral abdominal (7%±4%) only in the LC-AC group. These results suggest that a combined LC- and AC-HIIT program improves aerobic capacity and muscle hypertrophy in both leg and trunk muscles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.