Trial reportPloS one2014
Longitudinal analysis of T and B cell phenotype and function in renal transplant recipients with or without rituximab induction therapy.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00565331 (A Prospective Randomized Study on the Efficacy and Safety of the Prophylactic Use of Rituximab, Added to Standard Immunosuppressive Treatment in Comparison With Standard Immunosuppressive Treatment Alone in Renal Transplantation), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective Randomized Study on the Efficacy and Safety of the Prophylactic Use of Rituximab, Added to Standard Immunosuppressive Treatment in Comparison With Standard Immunosuppressive Treatment Alone in Renal Transplantation
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Rituximab-induced hypogammaglobulinemia in childhood nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies for induction therapy in kidney transplant recipients.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of Optimized Immunosuppression (Including Rituximab) on Anti-Donor Alloresponses in Patients With Chronically Rejecting Renal Allografts.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- New Paradigms in Rejection Monitoring: Lymphocyte Subsets as Noninvasive Graft Markers in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
- Immune cell signatures and inflammatory mediators: unraveling their genetic impact on chronic kidney disease through Mendelian randomization.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
- B Cell Composition Is Altered After Kidney Transplantation and Transitional B Cells Correlate With SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Response.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Harnessing the B Cell Response in Kidney Transplantation - Current State and Future Directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Monitoring of B Cell in Kidney Transplantation: Development of a Novel Clusters Analysis and Role of Transitional B Cells in Transplant Outcome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Memory T Cells in Transplantation: Old Challenges Define New Directions.Transplantation · 2020Review
- Observational
- Prolonged Impairment of Immunological Memory After Anti-CD20 Treatment in Pediatric Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Observational
- Complete B Cell Deficiency Reduces Allograft Inflammation and Intragraft Macrophages in a Rat Kidney Transplant Model.Transplantation · 2018Article
- B lymphocytes in renal interstitial fibrosis.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2017Review
- Absence of Intragraft B Cells in Rejection Biopsies After Rituximab Induction Therapy: Consequences for Clinical Outcome.Transplantation direct · 2017Article
- The effect of chronic kidney disease on T cell alloimmunity.Current opinion in organ transplantation · 2017Review
- Differences in Tfh Cell Response Between the Graft and Spleen With Chronic Allograft Nephropathy.Cell transplantation · 2017Article
- Impact of Immune-Modulatory Drugs on Regulatory T Cell.Transplantation · 2016Review
- B cells in transplantation.The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation · 2016Article
- B Cell Reconstitution after Rituximab Treatment in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevention of rejection after renal transplantation requires treatment with immunosuppressive drugs. Data on their in vivo effects on T- and B-cell phenotype and function are limited.
methodsIn a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study to prevent renal allograft rejection, patients were treated with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), steroids, and a single dose of rituximab or placebo during transplant surgery. In a subset of patients, we analyzed the number and phenotype of peripheral T and B cells by multiparameter flow cytometry before transplantation, and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after transplantation.
resultsIn patients treated with tacrolimus/MMF/steroids the proportion of central memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was higher at 3 months post-transplant compared to pre-transplant levels. In addition, the ratio between the percentage of central memory CD4+ and CD4+ regulatory T cells was significantly higher up to 24 months post-transplant compared to pre-transplant levels. Interestingly, treatment with tacrolimus/MMF/steroids resulted in a shift toward a more memory-like B-cell phenotype post-transplant. Addition of a single dose of rituximab resulted in a long-lasting B-cell depletion. At 12 months post-transplant, the small fraction of repopulated B cells consisted of a high percentage of transitional B cells. Rituximab treatment had no effect on the T-cell phenotype and function post-transplant.
conclusionsRenal transplant recipients treated with tacrolimus/MMF/steroids show an altered memory T and B-cell compartment post-transplant. Additional B-cell depletion by rituximab leads to a relative increase of transitional and memory-like B cells, without affecting T-cell phenotype and function.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00565331.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.