ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2014
Sexual differentiation of the brain requires perinatal kisspeptin-GnRH neuron signaling.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advancing insights into the neuroendocrine basis of socio-sexual interactions in mammals.Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Differences in the Secretome of Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells Post Hyperoxic Stress.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Article
- Sexually dimorphic distribution of Kiss1 neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- Exploring diversity: a review of animal models for investigating variations in sex characteristics.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Nitric oxide mediated kisspeptin regulation of steroidogenesis and gametogenesis in the catfish, Clarias batrachus.Cell and tissue research · 2024Article
- Developmental organophosphate flame retardant exposure disrupts adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Wistar rats.Neurotoxicology · 2023Article
- Postnatal Development and Maintenance of Functional Pituitary Gonadotrophs Is Dependent on PI4-Kinase A.Endocrinology · 2023Article
- Sex difference in developmental changes in visualized Kiss1 neurons in newly generated Kiss1-Cre rats.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2023Article
- Maternal organophosphate flame retardant exposure alters the developing mesencephalic dopamine system in fetal rat.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2023Article
- Maternal androgen excess significantly impairs sexual behavior in male and female mouse offspring: Perspective for a biological origin of sexual dysfunction in PCOS.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The electrophysiologic properties of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2022Review
- Sexual Dimorphism in Kisspeptin Signaling.Cells · 2022Review
- The GnRH Antagonist Degarelix Suppresses Gonadotropin Secretion and Pituitary Sensitivity in Midgestation Sheep Fetuses.Endocrinology · 2022Article
- REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: Endocrine disruption and reproductive disorders: impacts on sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine pathways.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2021Review
- Sex Steroids and the Shaping of the Peripubertal Brain: The Sexual-Dimorphic Set-Up of Adult Neurogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Role for Kisspeptin and Neurokinin B in Regulation of Luteinizing Hormone and Testosterone Secretion in the Fetal Sheep.Endocrinology · 2020Article
- The influence of psychological stress in early life on sexual maturation and sexual behavior in male and female rats.Reproductive medicine and biology · 2020Article
- Elevated prenatal anti-Müllerian hormone reprograms the fetus and induces polycystic ovary syndrome in adulthood.Nature medicine · 2018Article
- Evidence of Alternative Splicing as a Regulatory Mechanism for Kissr2 in Pejerrey Fish.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Long-lasting masculinizing effects of postnatal androgens on myelin governed by the brain androgen receptor.PLoS genetics · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sex differences in brain function underlie robust differences between males and females in both normal and disease states. Although alternative mechanisms exist, sexual differentiation of the male mammalian brain is initiated predominantly by testosterone secreted by the testes during the perinatal period. Despite considerable advances in understanding how testosterone and its metabolite estradiol sexually differentiate the brain, little is known about the mechanism that generates the male-specific perinatal testosterone surge. In mice, we show that a male-specific activation of GnRH neurons occurs 0-2 h following birth and that this correlates with the male-specific surge of testosterone occurring up to 5 h after birth. The necessity of GnRH signaling for the sexually differentiating effects of the perinatal testosterone surge was demonstrated by the persistence of female-like brain characteristics in adult male, GnRH receptor knock-out mice. Kisspeptin neurons have recently been identified to be potent, direct activators of GnRH neurons. We demonstrate that a population of kisspeptin neurons appears in the preoptic area of only the male between E19 and P1. The importance of kisspeptin inputs to GnRH neurons for the process of sexual differentiation was demonstrated by the lack of a normal neonatal testosterone surge, and disordered brain sexual differentiation of male mice in which the kisspeptin receptor was deleted selectively from GnRH neurons. These observations demonstrate the necessity of perinatal GnRH signaling for driving brain sexual differentiation and indicate that kisspeptin inputs to GnRH neurons are essential for this process to occur.
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