ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2014
Epstein-Barr virus-specific intrathecal oligoclonal IgG production in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is limited to a subset of patients and is composed of low-affinity antibodies.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- High EBV-reactive IgG levels in serum are linked to typical inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid features in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal proteomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid in untreated multiple sclerosis defines evolving disease biology.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Epstein-Barr virus infection and vitamin D deficiency are both "causal" for multiple sclerosis (MS) - could the common denominator be their effects on hepcidin levels?Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Broad Analysis of Serum and Intrathecal Antimicrobial Antibodies in Multiple Sclerosis Underscores Unique Role of Epstein-Barr Virus.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Cellular and Immunological Analysis of 2D2/Th Hybrid Mice Prone to Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Comparison with 2D2 and Th Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Understanding the link between neurotropic viruses, BBB permeability, and MS pathogenesis.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
- Review
- High heterogeneity of cross-reactive immunoglobulins in multiple sclerosis presumes combining of B-cell epitopes for diagnostics: a case-control study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The elusive nature of the oligoclonal bands in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2024Review
- Antibody Content against Epstein-Barr Virus in Blood Extracellular Vesicles Correlates with Disease Activity and Brain Volume in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Observational
- Markers of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Multiple Sclerosis: Inflammatory and Neuroglial Aspects.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Review
- Does multiple sclerosis have a zoonotic origin? Correlations with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Intrathecal Antibody Production Against Epstein-Barr, Herpes Simplex, and Other Neurotropic Viruses in Autoimmune Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- The association of Epstein-Barr virus infection with CXCR3European journal of immunology · 2021Article
- Extreme Diversity of IgGs Against Histones, DNA, and Myelin Basic Protein in the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.Biomolecules · 2020Article
- B and T Cells Driving Multiple Sclerosis: Identity, Mechanisms and Potential Triggers.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Viral infections and multiple sclerosis.Drug discovery today. Disease models · 2020Review
- Low intrathecal antibody production despite high seroprevalence of Epstein-Barr virus in multiple sclerosis: a review of the literature.Journal of neurology · 2018Review
- The Enigmatic Role of Viruses in Multiple Sclerosis: Molecular Mimicry or Disturbed Immune Surveillance?Trends in immunology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate intrathecal production and affinity distributions of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific antibodies in multiple sclerosis (MS) and controls.
methodsCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum concentrations, quantitative intrathecal synthesis, oligoclonal bands (OCB) patterns and affinity distributions of anti-Epstein Barr virus (EBV) antibodies were evaluated in 100 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and 200 age- and sex-matched controls with other inflammatory neurological disorders (OIND) and other noninflammatory neurological disorders (NIND).
resultsLevels of anti-EBNA-1 and anti-viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgG were different in both the CSF (P <0.0001 and P <0.01, respectively) and serum (P <0.001 and P <0.05, respectively) among the RRMS, OIND and NIND. An intrathecal synthesis of anti-EBNA-1 IgG and anti-VCA IgG, as indicated by the antibody index, was underrepresented in the RRMS, OIND and NIND (range 1 to 7%). EBV-specific OCB were detected in 24% of the RRMS patients and absent in the controls. High-affinity antibodies were more elevated in the RRMS and in the OIND than in the NIND for CSF anti-EBNA-1 IgG (P <0.0001) and anti-VCA IgG (P <0.0001). After treatment with increasing concentrations of sodium thiocyanate, the EBV-specific IgG OCB had low affinity in all 24 RRMS patients analyzed.
conclusionsOur findings do not support the potential role of an EBV persistent brain chronic infection in MS and suggest that an EBV-specific intrathecal oligoclonal IgG production can occur in a subset of MS patients as part of humoral polyreactivity driven by chronic brain inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.