Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25390338›Full record

ArticlePloS one2014

Structural and biophysical characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1.

Matthew S Kelker, Colin Berry, Steven L Evans, Reetal Pai, David G McCaskill, Nick X Wang, Joshua C Russell, Matthew D Baker, Cheng Yang, J W Pflugrath and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Sequential evolution of resistance by western corn rootworm to multipleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Structure of theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. How DoesToxins · 2021
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Whole Genome Sequencing Analysis ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Matthew S KelkerDow AgroSciences, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
Colin BerryCardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.
Steven L EvansDow AgroSciences, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
Reetal PaiDow AgroSciences, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
David G McCaskillDow AgroSciences, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
Nick X WangDow AgroSciences, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
Joshua C RussellDow AgroSciences, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
Matthew D BakerCardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.
Cheng YangRigaku Americas Corporation, The Woodlands, Texas, United States of America.
J W PflugrathRigaku Americas Corporation, The Woodlands, Texas, United States of America.
Matthew WadeSchool of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.
Tim J WessSchool of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom.
Kenneth E NarvaDow AgroSciences, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America.
Cardiff University · GB

Funding

Resource for Biocomputing Visualization and InformaticsP41GM103311 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI FERRIN, THOMAS E · 2012 to 2017
$8.2M
NIGMS NIH HHS P41 GM103311NIGMS NIH HHS P41-GM103311
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis strains are well known for the production of insecticidal proteins upon sporulation and these proteins are deposited in parasporal crystalline inclusions. The majority of these insect-specific toxins exhibit three domains in the mature toxin sequence. However, other Cry toxins are structurally and evolutionarily unrelated to this three-domain family and little is known of their three dimensional structures, limiting our understanding of their mechanisms of action and our ability to engineer the proteins to enhance their function. Among the non-three domain Cry toxins, the Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 proteins from B. thuringiensis strain PS149B1 are required to act together to produce toxicity to the western corn rootworm (WCR) Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Le Conte via a pore forming mechanism of action. Cry34Ab1 is a protein of ∼14 kDa with features of the aegerolysin family (Pfam06355) of proteins that have known membrane disrupting activity, while Cry35Ab1 is a ∼44 kDa member of the toxin_10 family (Pfam05431) that includes other insecticidal proteins such as the binary toxin BinA/BinB. The Cry34Ab1/Cry35Ab1 proteins represent an important seed trait technology having been developed as insect resistance traits in commercialized corn hybrids for control of WCR. The structures of Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 have been elucidated to 2.15 Å and 1.80 Å resolution, respectively. The solution structures of the toxins were further studied by small angle X-ray scattering and native electrospray ion mobility mass spectrometry. We present here the first published structure from the aegerolysin protein domain family and the structural comparisons of Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1 with other pore forming toxins.

Indexed as

Bacillus thuringiensisBacillus thuringiensis ToxinsBacterial ProteinsCrystallography, X-RayEndotoxinsFungal ProteinsGene ExpressionHemolysin ProteinsModels, MolecularProtein IsoformsProtein Structure, SecondaryProtein Structure, TertiaryPseudomonas fluorescensRecombinant ProteinsaegerolysinBacillus thuringiensis ToxinsBacterial ProteinsEndotoxinsFungal ProteinsHemolysin Proteinsinsecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus ThuringiensisProtein IsoformsRecombinant Proteins

Identifiers

PMID25390338
PMCPMC4229197
OpenAlexW2007816994

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.