ReviewCurrent opinion in HIV and AIDS2015
Preserving HIV-specific T cell responses: does timing of antiretroviral therapy help?
Review in Current opinion in HIV and AIDS, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- T cell functionality in HIV-1, HIV-2 and dually infected individuals: correlates of disease progression and immune restoration.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2019Trial
- Article
- Immune-mediated strategies to solving the HIV reservoir problem.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- CD8Heliyon · 2024Article
- Upregulation of IFN-stimulated genes persists beyond the transitory broad immunologic changes of acute HIV-1 infection.iScience · 2023Article
- Early ART initiation during infancy preserves natural killer cells in young European adolescents living with HIV (CARMA cohort).Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- Potential Utilization of APOBEC3-Mediated Mutagenesis for an HIV-1 Functional Cure.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Impact of Early Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation on HIV-Specific CD4 and CD8 T Cell Function in Perinatally Infected Children.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Sharing CD4+ T Cell Loss: When COVID-19 and HIV Collide on Immune System.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Antigen Production After Latency Reversal and Expression of Inhibitory Receptors in CD8+ T Cells Limit the Killing of HIV-1 Reactivated Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Phenotype, Polyfunctionality, and Antiviral Activity ofFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Virological Blips and Predictors of Post Treatment Viral Control After Stopping ART Started in Primary HIV Infection.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Article
- Optimal control therapy and vaccination for special HIV-1 model with delay.Theory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften · 2016Article
- Kynurenine Reduces Memory CD4 T-Cell Survival by Interfering with Interleukin-2 Signaling Early during HIV-1 Infection.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Immune recovery in HIV-infected patients after Candida esophagitis is impaired despite long-term antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Observational
- Primary HIV infection: a medical and public health emergency requiring rapid specialist management.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2016Article
- Initiation of antiretroviral therapy before detection of colonic infiltration by HIV reduces viral reservoirs, inflammation and immune activation.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewHIV-specific T cell responses are likely to have an important role in HIV cure strategies that aim for long-lasting viral control without antiretroviral therapy (ART). An important issue in enhancing virus-specific T cell responses is whether timing of ART can influence their magnitude and breadth. RECENT
findingsEarly ART is associated with lower T cell activation, preservation of T cell numbers, smaller DNA and RNA reservoir size, and, in a single study (VISCONTI), control of plasma viremia after treatment interruption. The prevention of T cell destruction by early ART is associated with relatively low anti-HIV CD8⁺ T cell responses but stronger CD4⁺ T helper function. The relatively lower CD8⁺T cell response, which is presumably due to rapid lowering of HIV antigen burden after early ART, appears sufficient to control residual viral replication as well as viral rebound upon treatment interruption. SUMMARY: Available evidence of starting ART during acute or early HIV infection has shown benefit in both virologic and immunologic parameters despite the lower HIV-specific CD8⁺ T cell responses observed. Encouraging as this is, more extensive data are necessary to evaluate its role in combination with immunotherapeutic and latency activation strategies that are being assessed in various HIV cure-related studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.