SynthesisWorld journal of gastroenterology2014
Fish consumption and risk of gastrointestinal cancers: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Synthesis in World journal of gastroenterology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Fish consumption and gastric cancer within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors for gastric cancer: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Fish consumption, cognitive impairment and dementia: an updated dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2024Pooled it
- Diets, Dietary Patterns, Single Foods and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Fish Consumption and the Risk of Chronic Disease: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Prospective Cohort Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of fish consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer in 13 prospective studies with 1.8 million participants.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Modifiable factors and esophageal cancer: a systematic review of published meta-analyses.Journal of gastroenterology · 2018Pooled it
- Dietary Factors Associated With the Progression of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study in a Western Population.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2026Article
- The Effects of Frondanol, a Non-Polar Extract of the Atlantic Sea Cucumber, in Colon Cancer Cells.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Association between fish and shellfish consumption, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and gastric cancer risk: the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- The effect of healthy eating on the development of stomach and colorectal cancer by the smoking and drinking status: Results from the Korean National Cancer Center (KNCC) community cohort study.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- The Crucial Roles of Diet, Microbiota, and Postbiotics in Colorectal Cancer.Current nutrition reports · 2024Review
- Fish and meat intake in relation to colorectal adenoma in asymptomatic Korean adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention: A Dream Coming True?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Inverse Association between Canned Fish Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Analysis of Two Large Case-Control Studies.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Review
- Emerging role of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in colorectal cancer.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Intake of fish and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of diseases in a Japanese population: a narrative review.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Review
- Microbiome as Mediator of Diet on Colorectal Cancer Risk: The Role of Vitamin D, Markers of Inflammation and Adipokines.Nutrients · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo assess quantitatively the relationship between fish intake and the incidence of gastrointestinal cancers in a meta-analysis of cohort studies.
methodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, and the bibliographies of retrieved articles. Prospective cohort studies were included if they reported relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of various cancers with respect to fish intake. When RRs were not available in the published article, they were computed from the exposure distributions. Two investigators extracted the data independently and discrepancies were resolved by discussion with a third investigator. We performed random-effect meta-analyses and meta-regressions of study-specific incremental estimates to determine the risk of cancer associated with a 20-g/d increment of fish consumption.
resultsForty-two studies, comprising 27 independent cohorts, met our inclusion criteria. The studies included 2325040 participants and 24115 incident cases of gastrointestinal cancer, with an average follow-up of 13.6 years. Compared with individuals who did not eat, or seldom ate, fish, the pooled RR of gastrointestinal cancers was 0.93 (95%CI: 0.88-0.98) for regular fish consumers, 0.94 (0.89-0.99) for low to moderate fish consumers, and 0.91 (0.84-0.97) for high fish consumers. Overall, a 20-g increase in fish consumption per day was associated with a 2% reduced risk of gastrointestinal cancers (RR = 0.98; 95%CI: 0.96-1.01). In subgroup analyses, we noted that fish consumption was associated with reduced risk of colorectal (RR = 0.93; 95%CI: 0.87-0.99; P < 0.01), esophageal (RR = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.83-0.99; P < 0.05) and hepatocellular cancers (RR = 0.71; 95%CI: 0.48-0.95; P < 0.01).
conclusionThis meta-analysis suggested that fish consumption may reduce total gastrointestinal cancer incidence. Inverse relationships were also detected between fish consumption and specific types of cancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.