SynthesisSchizophrenia bulletin2015
Meta-Analysis of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgM Antibodies in Acute Psychosis.
Synthesis in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship between Toxoplasma gondii infection and psychiatric disorders in Iran: A systematic review with meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Immune System Abnormalities in Schizophrenia: An Integrative View and Translational Perspectives.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Special Issue: Does latent Toxoplasma infection mimic the immune profile of schizophrenia? Sex-specific cytokine and brain-marker alterations suggest partial overlap.Folia parasitologica · 2026Article
- Wealth, health, cats and Toxoplasma gondii: An ecological correlational study of subjective well-being across 93 countries.PloS one · 2026Article
- The brain pathobiome in Alzheimer's disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024Review
- Proteomic Biomarkers for the Prediction of Transition to Psychosis in Individuals at Clinical High Risk: A Multi-cohort Model Development Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Implications of the Microbial Hypothesis of Mental Illness.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and psychiatric disorders: a cross-sectional study in China.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Toxoplasmosis and Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence and Associations and Future Directions.Psychiatric research and clinical practice · 2022Article
- Epigenetic Manipulation of Psychiatric Behavioral Disorders Induced byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Is latent Toxoplasma gondii infection associated with the occurrence of schizophrenia? A case-control study.PloS one · 2022Article
- Psychosis as an adverse effect of antibiotics.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
- Exposure to common infections and risk of suicide and self-harm: a longitudinal general population study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2020Article
- Evaluating the Hypothesis That Schizophrenia Is an Inflammatory Disorder.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2020Article
- Inflammation in Mental Disorders: Is the Microbiota the Missing Link?Neuroscience bulletin · 2020Review
- From Infection to the Microbiome: An Evolving Role of Microbes in Schizophrenia.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2020Review
- Autoimmune phenotypes in schizophrenia reveal novel treatment targets.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2018Review
- Novel proteome and acetylome of Bemisia tabaci Q in response to Cardinium infection.BMC genomics · 2018Article
- Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with acute Toxoplasma gondii infection: A case report.Medicine · 2018Article
- Toxoplasma gondii and schizophrenia: a review of published RCTs.Parasitology research · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionA number of different infections are associated with acute psychosis. However, relationships between infections and acute psychosis in patients with schizophrenia have not been extensively explored. Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii is a replicated risk factor for schizophrenia. Previous studies have focused on T. gondii IgG antibodies, which are a marker of lifetime exposure, whereas IgM antibodies are a marker of acute/recent exposure, persistent infection, or reinfection. We performed a meta-analysis of T. gondii IgM antibodies and acute psychosis, to further investigate whether infections may be associated with relapse in schizophrenia.
methodsWe identified articles by systematic searches of PubMed, PsycINFO, and ISI databases. We included studies, in English, of serum T. gondii IgM antibodies in patients with acute psychosis and controls.
resultsSixteen independent samples (2353 patients and 1707 controls) met inclusion criteria. Data were pooled using a random effects model. There was a significant increase in risk of positive T. gondii IgM antibodies in acute psychosis compared with controls (7.6% vs 5.7%, OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.23-2.27, P = .001). The association was stronger for patients with chronic schizophrenia (8.7% vs 4.6%, OR = 2.54, 95% CI = 1.63-3.96, P < .001) than first-episode psychosis. In meta-regression analyses, age, sex, and publication year were unrelated to the association; however, there was a significant association with geographic region. DISCUSSION: An increased seroprevalence of T. gondii IgM in patients with acute psychosis complements and extends previous findings, suggesting that infections may be relevant to the etiopathophysiology of relapse in some patients with schizophrenia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.