ArticleInternational archives of occupational and environmental health2015
Unemployment is associated with high cardiovascular event rate and increased all-cause mortality in middle-aged socially privileged individuals.
Article in International archives of occupational and environmental health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Depression and cardiovascular disease events among patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis with bias analysis.Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2020Pooled it
- Assessing the Needs of Community Mental Health Service Users with Chronic Physical Health Conditions: A Cross-Sectional Study.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
- Ready or Not? Applying the Transtheoretical Model of Change on Return-to-Work Following CBT for Chronic Low Back Pain.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2026Article
- 3for1 intervention program-short-term psychotherapy, job coaching, and peer support for unemployed individuals facing psychological distress: a community case study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- A qualitative study of the social and structural vulnerabilities of HIV and chronic disease syndemics in low-resource urban health facilities in South Africa.Discover public health · 2026Article
- Non-linear relationships between lifetime unemployment exposure, major health outcomes and all-cause mortality: a retrospective and prospective study in a large population-based French cohort.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Risk among People Living with HIV in Ghana.Infection & chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Employment status as a predictor of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025Article
- Observational
- Risk factors of CVDs among residents of resource-limited rural settings. Preliminary findings based on a cross-sectional study, Ghana.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic status and adverse pregnancy outcome increase the risk of long-term cardiovascular disease: an analysis using the UK Biobank.Epidemiology and health · 2025Article
- Association of unemployment and increased depressive symptoms with all-cause mortality: follow-up study of a cardiovascular prevention programme.European journal of public health · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of a three-component intervention supporting unemployed individuals with mental health issues in their job search and mental health recovery (3for1): study protocol of a non-randomized controlled study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Association of socioeconomic status and life's essential 8 with cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality in north China: Kailuan study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- 10-year risk for cardiovascular diseases according to the WHO prediction chart: findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019.BMC public health · 2024Article
- 2024 Guidelines of the Taiwan Society of Cardiology on the Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease --- Part I.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Association between social determinants of health and survival among the US cancer survivors population.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Socioeconomic status as a potential mediator of arterial aging in marginalized ethnic and racial groups: current understandings and future directions.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024Review
- Racial and Socioeconomic Determinants of Cardiovascular Health: A Comprehensive Review.Cureus · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo assess prospectively the association between employment status and cardiovascular health outcomes in socially privileged individuals.
methodsThe incidence of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality rate were monitored during 12 years in a national sample of 5,852 French volunteers, aged 45-64 years, who were free of cardiovascular disease or other overt disease at baseline. The association between health outcomes and employment status was tested using Cox proportional modelling with adjustment for confounding factors.
resultsCompared to randomly selected individuals, these volunteers were characterized by higher education level and socio-economic status and lower cardiovascular risk and mortality rate. A total of 242 cardiovascular events (3.5 events per 1,000 person-years) and 152 deaths from all causes (2.2 deaths per 1,000 person-years) occurred during follow-up. After adjustment for age and gender, both cardiovascular event risk [HR (95% CI) 1.84 (1.15-2.83), p = 0.01] and all-cause mortality [2.79 (1.66-4.47), p = 0.0002] were increased in unemployed individuals compared to workers. These poor health outcomes were observed to the same extent after further adjustment for clinical, behavioural and socio-demographic characteristics of individuals at baseline [HR (95% CI) 1.74 (1.07-2.72), p = 0.03 and 2.89 (1.70-4.69), p = 0.0002, respectively]. In contrast, neither cardiovascular event risk nor all-cause mortality was significantly increased in retired individuals compared to workers after adjustment for confounding factors.
conclusionsThese results support the existence of a link between unemployment and poor cardiovascular health and suggest that this link is not mediated by conventional risk factors in middle-aged socially privileged individuals.
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