ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2014
Antifungal pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Updated antimicrobial dosing recommendations for obese patients.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Pooled it
- Variability and exposure-response relationships of isavuconazole plasma concentrations in the Phase 3 SECURE trial of patients with invasive mould diseases.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2019Trial
- Therapeutic Failure in Invasive Fungal Infections: Beyond Antifungal Resistance-A Narrative Review.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Can Fluconazole Be Used to Treat Non-Resistant Candida (Candidozyma) auris Infections? Preclinical Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Data From a Galleria mellonella Infection Model.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Candidozyma auris-infected Galleria mellonella larvae: the effect of the humanized monoclonal antibody Dia-T51 and its synergy with amphotericin B.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Evaluation of anAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Antifungal and Immunomodulatory Therapy for Neuromycoses.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- The Importance of Early Mycological Clearance of Uncomplicated Candidaemia and Its Implications for Clinical Practice.Mycoses · 2025Review
- Population pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo-based dosing optimization of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Next-generation antifungal drugs: Mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical prospects.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Antifungal Agents in the 21st Century: Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Infectious disease reports · 2025Review
- Single-Dose, Intravenous, and Oral Pharmacokinetics of Isavuconazole in Dogs.Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Mechanism-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model of Voriconazole for Predicting the Clinical Outcomes of Adult Patients With Invasive Aspergillosis.Therapeutic drug monitoring · 2025Article
- Case Report: Heart Transplantation for RefractoryMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- The distinctive pharmacokinetic profile of rezafungin, a long-acting echinocandin developed in the era of modern pharmacometrics.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Review
- DynamicAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Antibiotics, Analgesic Sedatives, and Antiseizure Medications Frequently Used in Critically Ill Neonates: A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Combination of Systemic and Lock-Therapies with Micafungin Eradicate Catheter-Based Biofilms and Infections Caused byJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- gPKPDviz: A flexible R shiny tool for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic simulations using mrgsolve.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
- SAR study of N'-(Salicylidene)heteroarenecarbohydrazides as promising antifungal agents.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Successful treatment of infectious diseases requires choice of the most suitable antimicrobial agent, comprising consideration of drug pharmacokinetics (PK), including penetration into infection site, pathogen susceptibility, optimal route of drug administration, drug dose, frequency of administration, duration of therapy, and drug toxicity. Antimicrobial pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) studies consider these variables and have been useful in drug development, optimizing dosing regimens, determining susceptibility breakpoints, and limiting toxicity of antifungal therapy. Here the concepts of antifungal PK/PD studies are reviewed, with emphasis on methodology and application. The initial sections of this review focus on principles and methodology. Then the pharmacodynamics of each major antifungal drug class (polyenes, flucytosine, azoles, and echinocandins) is discussed. Finally, the review discusses novel areas of pharmacodynamic investigation in the study and application of combination therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.