ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2014
Occurrence, source, and human infection potential of Cryptosporidium and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in drinking source water in Shanghai, China, during a pig carcass disposal incident.
Article in Environmental science & technology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cryptosporidium in Rabbits: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence, Species/Genotypes Distribution and Zoonotic Significance.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Pooled it
- The largest meta-analysis on the global prevalence of microsporidia in mammals, avian and water provides insights into the epidemic features of these ubiquitous pathogens.Parasites & vectors · 2021Pooled it
- A retrospective epidemiological analysis of human Cryptosporidium infection in China during the past three decades (1987-2018).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Occurrence of Waterborne Protozoa in a Full-Scale Drinking Water Treatment Plant in China by High-Throughput Screening and Genotyping.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Horses From Northern and Eastern China: Investigation of Associated Risk Factors and Assessment of Zoonotic Potential.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Molecular Detection and Genotyping ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- First molecular detection and multilocus genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from pigs in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, Southern China.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Molecular evidence of host range expansion ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Sympatric non-biting flies serve as potential vectors of zoonotic protozoan parasites on pig farms in China.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Development of a High-Throughput qPCR Assay for Detecting Waterborne Protozoa and Helminths Across Different Environmental Media in China.China CDC weekly · 2025Article
- PCR-based detection ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Occurrence and Genotypic Identification ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Wastewater-based intestinal protozoa monitoring in Shanghai, China.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Molecular characterization ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Wild sympatric rodents inhabiting pig farm environments may facilitate the spillover of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from pig farms.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2024Article
- First report on the molecular detection ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2023Article
- Prevalence and Molecular Characterization ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Molecular identification and genetic characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients in Shanghai, China.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Detection ofMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- Molecular Detection ofVeterinary sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In March 2013, thousands of domestic pig carcasses were found floating in the Huangpu River, a drinking source water in Shanghai, China. To investigate the impact of the pig carcass incident on microbial water quality, 178 river water samples were collected from the upper Huangpu River from March 2013 to March 2014. Samples were concentrated by calcium carbonate flocculation and examined for host-adapted Cryptosporidium and Enterocytozoon bieneusi by ploymerase chain reaction (PCR). Positive PCR products were sequenced to determine Cryptosporidium species and E. bieneusi genotypes. A total of 67 (37.6%) and 56 (31.5%) samples were PCR-positive for Cryptosporidium and E. bieneusi, respectively. The occurrence rates of Cryptosporidium and E. bieneusi in March 2013 (83.3%; 41.7%) and May 2013 (73.5%; 44.1%) were significantly higher than rates in later sampling times. Among the 13 Cryptosporidium species/genotypes identified, C. andersoni and C. suis were the most common species, being found in 38 and 27 samples, respectively. Seventeen E. bieneusi genotypes were found, belonging to 11 established genotypes (EbpC, EbpA, D, CS-8, PtEb IX, Peru 8, Peru 11, PigEBITS4, EbpB, G, O) and six new ones (RWSH1 to RWSH6), most of which belonged to pig-adapted Groups 1d and 1e. EbpC was the most common genotype, being found in 37 samples. The distribution of Cryptosporidium species and E. bieneusi genotypes suggest that dead pigs contributed significantly to Cryptosporidium and E. bieneusi contamination in the Huangpu River. Although most Cryptosporidium species found in river water were not major human pathogens, the majority of E. bieneusi genotypes detected were endemic in China. Data from this study should be useful in the development of strategies in addressing future contamination events in drinking water supplies.
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