ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2015
Evidence for heightened hexokinase II immunoexpression in hepatocyte dysplasia and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prognostic Significance of the Metabolic Marker Hexokinase-2 in Various Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Targeting aerobic glycolysis combats tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Beyond the convergence of metabolic reprogramming in primary liver cancer: a comprehensive review on energy and lipids metabolism.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Unveiling Metabolic Signatures as Potential Biomarkers in Common Cancers: Insights from Lung, Breast, Colorectal, Liver, and Gastric Tumours.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Inhibition of P2RX7 contributes to cytotoxicity by suppression of glycolysis and AKT activation in human hepatocellular carcinoma.BMB reports · 2024Article
- Hepatocellular Ballooning is Due to Highly Pronounced Glycogenosis Potentially Associated with Steatosis and Metabolic Reprogramming.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2024Article
- The role of metabolic reprogramming in liver cancer and its clinical perspectives.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Functional importance of glucose transporters and chromatin epigenetic factors in Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM): possible therapeutics.Metabolic brain disease · 2023Review
- Lactylation-Related Gene Signature Effectively Predicts Prognosis and Treatment Responsiveness in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- HNF4α is possibly the missing link between epithelial-mesenchymal transition and Warburg effect during hepatocarcinogenesis.Cancer science · 2023Article
- Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling as a Driver of Stemness and Metabolic Reprogramming in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancers · 2022Review
- A pan-cancer analysis of the role of hexokinase II (HK2) in human tumors.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Metabolic dysregulation and emerging therapeutical targets for hepatocellular carcinoma.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Review
- Profiling Carbohydrate Metabolism in Liver and Hepatocellular Carcinoma with [Analysis & sensing · 2021Article
- Review
- Impact of Hypoxia over Human Viral Infections and Key Cellular Processes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- A hexokinase isoenzyme switch in human liver cancer cells promotes lipogenesis and enhances innate immunity.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Metabolic alterations and vulnerabilities in hepatocellular carcinoma.Gastroenterology report · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundNormal hepatocytes exhibit low-affinity hexokinase (glucokinase [HKIV]), but during oncogenesis, there is a switch from HKIV to HKII expression. The aims of this study were to compare the immunoexpression of HKII in non-dysplastic cirrhosis (NDC), liver cell change/dysplasia in cirrhosis (LCD), HCC, and normal liver control tissues, and to correlate HKII expression with clinical and histopathological parameters.
designImmunohistochemistry was performed on a liver cancer progression tissue array consisting of specimens from explants with cirrhosis, including 45 tissue samples with HCC, 108 without HCC, 143 with LCD, and 8 normal liver control tissues. HKII expression was quantified as positive pixel counts/square millimeter (ppc/mm(2)) by image analysis.
resultsThere was a stepwise increase in HKII level from normal liver tissue to NDC, to LCD, and to HCC (p = 0.001). HKII levels were significantly higher in areas of LCD versus NDC (p ≤ 0.001), and in LCD and HCC versus NDC (p = 0.007). HKII levels were similar in LCD and HCC (p = 0.124). HKII levels were higher in grade 2-4 versus grade 1 HCCs (p = 0.044), and in pleomorphic versus non-pleomorphic HCC variants (p = 0.041). Higher levels of HKII expression in LCD and HCC versus NDC and in higher tumor grade remained significant in multivariate analysis.
conclusionsHigher levels of HKII immunoexpression in LDC and HCC compared with NDC suggest that upregulation of HKII occurs during the process of hepatocarcinogenesis in humans. In HCC, higher levels of HKII are associated with more aggressive histological features.
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