ArticlePloS one2014
The prevalence and correlates of lifetime psychiatric disorders and trauma exposures in urban and rural settings: results from the national comorbidity survey replication (NCS-R).
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Posttraumatic stress disorder in individuals seeking treatment for opioid use disorder in Vermont.Preventive medicine · 2021Trial
- Evaluating the Impact of a National Telehealth Outpatient Mental Health Program in Rural Communities.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Inverse Care Law in the Age of AI - Geographic Disparities in Health Care Technology Access.NEJM AI · 2026Article
- Neighborhood environmental deprivation predicts the generalized neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2026Article
- Incentivizing co-occurring disorder diagnoses through blended payments.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Article
- An emerging knowledge exchange framework: Leadership insight into a key capacity-building impact in a large urban, trauma-informed initiative supporting resiliency and promoting equity.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Pharmacological Enhancement of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Improves Behavioral Pattern Separation in Young and Aged Male Mice.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- The relationship between low social/emotional support and health care affordability among rural and urban residents.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
- Depression in the time of COVID-19: Examination of prenatal and postpartum depression, rurality, and the impact of COVID-19.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- Clinical conceptualisation of PTSD in psilocybin treatment: disrupting a pre-determined and over-determined maladaptive interpretive framework.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Estudio De La Vida Bajo Estres: Methodological Overview and Baseline Data Analysis of a Case-Control Investigation of Risk and Resiliency Factors for Traumatic Stress in Colombia.Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment · 2025Article
- Trauma exposure correlates among patients receiving care in federally qualified health centers.Journal of traumatic stress · 2024Article
- School Experiences and Anxiety Trajectories Among Youth with Intellectual Disabilities.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Addressing Mental Health in Rural Settings: A Narrative Review of Blueberry Supplementation as a Natural Intervention.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Lifestyle Medicine Health Behavior Scale.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2024Article
- Sex-dependent differences in vulnerability to early risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: results from the AURORA study.Psychological medicine · 2024Article
- Trauma and mental health in Pacific Islanders.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionDistinctions between rural and urban environments produce different frequencies of traumatic exposures and psychiatric disorders. We examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and frequency of trauma exposures by position on the rural-urban continuum.
methodsThe National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) was used to evaluate psychiatric disorders among a nationally-representative sample of the U.S. population. Rurality was designated using the Department of Agriculture's 2003 rural-urban continuum codes (RUCC), which differentiate counties into levels of rurality by population density and adjacency to metropolitan areas. Lifetime psychiatric disorders included post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, major depressive disorder, mood disorders, impulse-control disorders, and substance abuse. Trauma exposures were classified as war-related, accident-related, disaster-related, interpersonal or other. Weighted logistic regression models examined the odds of psychiatric disorders and trauma exposures by position on the rural-urban continuum, adjusted for relevant covariates.
results75% of participants were metropolitan, 12.2% were suburban, and 12.8% were from rural counties. The most common disorder reported was any anxiety disorder (38.5%). Drug abuse was more common among metropolitan (8.7%, p = 0.018), compared to nonmetropolitan (5.1% suburban, 6.1% rural) participants. A one-category increase in rurality was associated with decreased odds for war-related trauma (aOR = 0.86, 95%CI 0.78-0.95). Rurality was not associated with risk for any other lifetime psychiatric disorders or trauma exposure. DISCUSSION/
conclusionsContrary to the expectation of some rural primary care providers, the frequencies of most psychiatric disorders and trauma exposures are similar across the rural-urban continuum, reinforcing calls to improve mental healthcare access in resource-poor rural communities.
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Registered trials
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