Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25379488›Full record

ArticleAnnals of rehabilitation medicine2014

Effect of Low-Frequency rTMS and NMES on Subacute Unilateral Hemispheric Stroke With Dysphagia.

Kil-Byung Lim, Hong-Jae Lee, Jeehyun Yoo, Yong-Geol Kwon

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of rehabilitation medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07445204 (Investigation of the Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Techniques on Suprahyoid Muscles and Swallowing Function in Acute Hemiparetic Stroke Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 63 papers, 17 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed, 17 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07445204 naenrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Investigation of the Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Techniques on Suprahyoid Muscles and Swallowing Function in Acute Hemiparetic Stroke Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorIstanbul Arel UniversityRan2025 to 2026Enrolled40ConditionsDysphagia, Stroke, HemiparesisArmsConventional Swallowing Therapy, Vitalstim-Sensory NMES, Vitalstim-Motor NMES, Vitalstim-Combine NMES
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 17 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kil-Byung LimDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
Hong-Jae LeeDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
Jeehyun YooDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
Yong-Geol KwonDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on post-stroke dysphagia.

methodsSubacute (<3 months), unilateral hemispheric stroke patients with dysphagia were randomly assigned to the conventional dysphagia therapy (CDT), rTMS, or NMES groups. In rTMS group, rTMS was performed at 100% resting motor threshold with 1 Hz frequency for 20 minutes per session (5 days per week for 2 weeks). In NMES group, electrical stimulation was applied to the anterior neck for 30 minutes per session (5 days per week for 2 weeks). All three groups were given conventional dysphagia therapy for 4 weeks. We evaluated the functional dysphagia scale (FDS), pharyngeal transit time (PTT), the penetration-aspiration scale (PAS), and the American Speech-Language Hearing Association National Outcomes Measurement System (ASHA NOMS) swallowing scale at baseline, after 2 weeks, and after 4 weeks.

resultsForty-seven patients completed the study; 15 in the CDT group, 14 in the rTMS group, and 18 in the NMES group. Mean changes in FDS and PAS for liquid during first 2 weeks in the rTMS and NMES groups were significantly higher than those in the CDT group, but no significant differences were found between the rTMS and NMES group. No significant difference in mean changes of FDS and PAS for semi-solid, PTT, and ASHA NOMS was observed among the three groups.

conclusionThese results indicated that both low-frequency rTMS and NMES could induce early recovery from dysphagia; therefore, they both could be useful therapeutic options for dysphagic stroke patients.

Indexed as

DysphagiaElectrical stimulationRehabilitationRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationStroke

Identifiers

PMID25379488
PMCPMC4221387

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.